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Discoveries in space to artificial intelligence, developments in science, nature throughout November
Many discoveries and developments, such as changes in the hunting habits of cheetahs due to rising temperatures, the discovery of the oldest black hole ever formed 470 million years after the Big Bang, the first images from the Euclid telescope, a new artificial intelligence model called "Grok," and the capture of gamma rays from a star that exploded 2 billion light-years away have been reported during November.
Here, Anadolu looks back at prominent scientific developments and discoveries in November.
As a result of monitoring 53 carnivores, including cheetahs, lions, leopards, and African wild dogs, in Botswana for 8 years, it was revealed that cheetahs changed their hunting habits due to increasing temperatures.
Researchers reported that cheetahs altered their hunting time intervals due to rising temperatures, increasing the likelihood of encountering predators like lions.
Discovery of oldest black hole formed after Big Bang
Scientists discovered the oldest black hole ever formed, 470 million years after the Big Bang.
According to a study by a research team of astronomers using data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory, the discovered black hole is located 13.2 billion light-years away from Earth.
The discovery is considered the "best evidence so far" that some black holes are formed from large gas clouds, and it is believed that this discovery could contribute to developing theories about how some of the first supermassive black holes in the universe formed.
The European Space Agency (ESA) shared the first images of galaxies thousands of light-years away taken by the Euclid Space Telescope.
"No telescope has ever captured such a large portion of space in the depths of the universe with such razor-sharp clarity," Euclid described by ESA.
The Euclid Telescope aims to create the largest three-dimensional map of the universe to date and discover evidence illuminating the concepts of "dark matter" and "dark energy," which constitute about 95% of the universe.
New artificial intelligence model 'Grok'
Elon Musk's artificial intelligence company, xAI, announced a new AI model called "Grok."
Designed to provide "witty and rebellious" answers to questions, Grok was introduced with the humor disclaimer, "If you hate jokes, please do not use it!"
It was noted that Grok would also answer questions that other AI systems "refused to answer."
Capture of gamma rays from star exploding 2 billion light-years away
ESA's Integral Space Telescope detected gamma rays from a star that exploded approximately 2 billion light-years away from Earth.
The explosion, named GRB 221009A, was described as the "brightest, most powerful, and longest-lasting gamma-ray burst ever detected."
It was reported that GRB 221009A is 10 times more powerful than anything measured before, and such gamma-ray bursts reach Earth only once every 10,000 years.
注释：
cheetah: n
表示"猎豹"，如：Bitch fought with the cheetah mortal combat to protect the young. 母狼为了保护幼崽同猎豹展开了殊死的搏斗。
carnivore: n
表示" 食肉动物"，means "a terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mamma"，如：Lions and tigers are carnivores. 狮子和老虎是食肉动物。
illuminate: v
表示" 照明；阐释；说明"，means " give light to; throw light on"，如：A sudden smile illuminated her face. 突然的微笑使她容光焕发。
中文简要说明：
今年11月有许多科学发现和突破，例如由于气温上升，猎豹的捕猎习性产生变化、天文学家发现了发现了最古老的黑洞，仅在宇宙大爆炸后没多久后诞生、欧几里得太空望远镜（Euclid Telescope）拍下了第1批照片、1套名为「Grok」的全新人工智能模型，以及捕捉到距离地球20亿光年的1颗恒星爆发释放出来的伽马射线等新闻。
据土耳其国营《安纳杜鲁新闻社》（Anadolu Agency）报导回顾11月份突出的科学发展和发现。
其一，研究人员对博茨瓦纳共和国的53种肉食性动物（包括猎豹、狮子、豹子和非洲野犬）长达8年的监测发现由于气温升高，猎豹改变了它们的捕猎习惯，报告称昼行性的猎豹逐渐转为傍晚或是夜晚狩猎，增加了与狮子等掠食动物相遇的风险。而猎豹原本为少数的昼行性猫科动物。
其二，科学家探索到了目前已知最古老的黑洞，仅在宇宙大爆炸后4.7亿年诞生，一个天文学研究小组使用NASA的韦伯太空望远镜和射线望远镜的数据进行的研究，发现的这颗黑洞距离地球132亿光年。而且这个发现，被认为是迄今为止的「最佳证据」表明一些黑洞是从「气体云」中形成的，并且人们相信这一发现有助于发展有关宇宙中一些早期超大质量黑洞形成的理论。
其三，欧洲太空总署（ESA）公布了欧几里德太空望远镜拍摄的第1批影像， 一些距离我们数千光年的星系。「没有任何望远镜以如此锐利的清晰度捕捉到宇宙深处如此大范围的太空」ESA表示，该太空望眼镜的目标是创建迄今为止最大的宇宙三维地图，并发现关于「暗物质」和「暗能量」的概念的证据，这2者占据宇宙的约95％。
其四，马斯克的人工智能公司xAI宣布了一个名为「Grok」的人工智能模型。设计为对问题提供「机智而叛逆」的答案，并以幽默声明介绍Grok模型说：「如果你讨厌笑话，请不要使用它！」有人指出，Grok还将回答其他人工智能系统「拒绝回答」的问题。
其五，ESA的国际伽玛射线天体物理实验室（INTERGRAL）探测到来自距离地球约20亿光年的一颗恒星爆炸所释放的伽马射线（GAMMA RAY）这次爆炸被命名为GRB 221009A，也被描述为「有史以来探测到的最明亮、最强大且持续时间最长的伽马射线爆发」据报导，GRB 221009A的功率是之前测量到的任何天文事件的10倍，这样的伽马射线爆发每1万年只会抵达地球一次。
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