Sharp your English thinking! 磨砺英语思想之剑
研究发现:无论轻、重症,甚至无症状的冠病患者,在痊愈后都有可能留下后遗症,俗称[长新冠]或【长冠】,这意味着新冠病毒将可能造成长期健康伤害。今天我们一起探讨下用英语如何表达:
1. 长新冠症状
Long-haul COVID symptoms,long-haul是【拖很久】的意思, haul表示【拖拉】,作名词可延伸表示【艰困旅程】。为便于理解,不妨想象从生病到完全复原的过程就像是一段艰困的旅程。
They hauled the boat out of the water.(他们把船拉上了岸。)
From there it was a long haul back to our camp.(从那里回到我们的营地是一段漫长而艰辛的旅程。)
symptom(s)常见的意思为【症状】,还有【征兆】的意思,代表某件事情的表征。后方加上【-atic】成为形容词,变成symptomatic,表示【显露症状的】。
He's complaining of all the usual flu symptoms - a high temperature, headache, and so on.(他抱怨所有常见的感冒症状—高烧、头痛等,都出现在他身上。)
A doctor who had treated an Ebola patient may have been symptomatic when he boarded the plane.(一位曾治疗过伊波拉患者的医生在登机时可能已显露症状。)
词组be symptomatic of表示【代表…的症状】,也可以理解为【显示…现象】。
It's her feeling that the recent outbreaks of violence are a symptom of the dissatisfaction that is currently affecting our society.(她觉得最近爆发的暴力事件显示了目前不满的情绪正在影响我们的社会。)
Jealousy within a relationship is usually symptomatic of low self-esteem in one of the partners.(嫉妒的情绪出现在恋爱关系中时,通常显示出其中一方欠缺自信。)
2. 后遗症持续不断
【延伸、持续】的英文是persist,也表示【坚持不懈】。如果要表达坚持做一件事情,后用介词in。
If the pain persists, consult a doctor.(如果持续疼痛就去看医生。)
The cold weather is set to persist throughout the week.(寒冷的天气将持续整个星期。)
If he persists in asking awkward questions, then send him to the boss.(如果他没完没了地问令人尴尬的问题,就把他打发到老板那里去。)
严重疾病severe illness,severe是形容词,是serious的同义词,表示【严重的】,也可表示【大幅度的】。名词变化severity就是去掉字尾e后方加上词尾【-ity】。
There is expected to be a severe frost tonight.(今晚预计会出现严重的霜冻。)
Severe cutbacks in public spending have been announced.(已经宣布大幅度缩减公共支出。)
新冠肺炎有许多并发症,complication就是【并发症】,来自于动词complicate,表示【复杂化】;complicated则是过去分词用作形容词,表示【复杂的】。
If any complications arise, let me know and I'll help.(如果发生什么麻烦事,告诉我一声,我会帮忙的。)
病毒感染会使人疲惫不堪,这时可以用debilitate的现在分词debilitating表示。它来源于ability【能力】,在前面去掉a加上字根【de-】就有负面、相反的意思,debility表示【无能力,虚弱】,尾部变为【-ate】构成动词,debilitate表示【削弱】。debilitating是现在分词变化作为形容词,有【弱化的】意思,表示削弱效果。
Chemotherapy exhausted and debilitated him.(化疗使他感到非常疲惫虚弱。)
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