今日单词 |
infect 英 [ɪnˈfekt] 美 [ɪnˈfɛkt] |
vt. 使受影响，感染; 传染，散布病毒，侵染; （电脑病毒）使（电脑的）存储器[数据]受到感染; 词根：in进入+fect做,制作→做进去→传染进去 |
词根 |
fect =do,make 表示"做,制作" |
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形近词
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effect 英 [ɪˈfekt] 美 [ɪˈfɛkt] |
n. 影响; 效果; 印象; 所有物; vt. 使发生; 引起; 产生（效果）; 词根：ef出+fect做,制作→做出来→出效果 |
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affect 英 [əˈfekt] 美 [əˈfɛkt] |
vt. 影响; 假装; 感动; （疾病）侵袭; n. 感情，情感，心情; [精神病学]（表露或觉察到的）情绪反应; 词根：af使+fect做,制作→使……做→影响 |
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defect 英 [ˈdi:fekt] 美 [ˈdiˌfɛkt, dɪˈfɛkt] |
n. 瑕疵，毛病; 欠缺，缺点; vi. 叛逃; 背叛; 词根：de坏+fect做,制作→做坏了→缺陷 |
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perfect 英 [ˈpɜ:fɪkt] 美 [ˈpɜrfɪkt] |
adj. 完美的; 正确的; 优秀的; 极好的; n. [语]完成时; 词根：per全部+fect做,制作→全部做完→完善的 |
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infect
英 [ɪnˈfekt] 美 [ɪnˈfɛkt]
CET4 | CET6 | 考研 | IELTS
vt. 使受影响，感染; 传染，散布病毒，侵染; （电脑病毒）使（电脑的）存储器[数据]受到感染;
词根：in进入+fect做,制作→做进去→传染进去
① (VERB) 传染;侵染;感染
To infect people,animals, or plants means to cause them to have a disease or illness.
● A single mosquito can infect a large number of people.
一只蚊子就可以感染很多人。
② (VERB) 污染
To infect a substance or area means to cause it to contain harmful germs or bacteria.
● The birds infect the milk.
鸟污染了牛奶。
③ (VERB) 使受影响;感染
When people, places, or things are infected by a feeling or influence, it spreads to them.
● For an instant I was infected by her fear...
有那么一会儿她的恐惧也传染给了我。
形近词：
1、effect
英 [ɪˈfekt] 美 [ɪˈfɛkt]
CET4 | CET6 | 考研
n. 影响; 效果; 印象; 所有物;
vt. 使发生; 引起; 产生（效果）;
词根：ef出+fect做,制作→做出来→出效果
① (N-VAR) 影响;效果;结果
The effect of one thing on another is the change that the first thing causes in the second thing.
● Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent's behavior...
父母担心音乐对青春期孩子的行为所产生的影响。
② (N-COUNT) （刻意制造的）效果，印象
An effect is an impression that someone creates deliberately, for example in a place or in a piece of writing.
● The whole effect iscool, light and airy.
整体效果很酷，轻松而随意。
2、affect
英 [əˈfekt] 美 [əˈfɛkt]
CET4 | CET6 | 考研 | IELTS | TOEFL
vt. 影响; 假装; 感动; （疾病）侵袭;
n. 感情，情感，心情; [精神病学]（表露或觉察到的）情绪反应;
词根：af使+fect做,制作→使……做→影响
① (VERB) 影响;使改变
If something affects a person or thing, it influences them or causes them to change in some way.
● Nicotine adversely affects the functioning of the heart and arteries...
尼古丁会对心脏及动脉功能造成损害。
② (VERB) （疾病）侵袭，感染
If a disease affects someone,it causes them to become ill.
● Arthritis is acrippling disease which affects people all over the world.
关节炎是一种会危害全人类健康的致残性疾病。
③ (VERB) （感情上）打动，震动，使悲伤（或怜悯）
If something or someone affects you, they make you feel a strong emotion, especially sadness or pity.
● The divorce affected Jim deeply...
离婚对吉姆打击很大。
3、defect
英[ˈdi:fekt] 美[ˈdiˌfɛkt, dɪˈfɛkt]
CET4 | CET6 | 考研| IELTS | TOEFL | GRE
n. 瑕疵，毛病;欠缺，缺点;
vi. 叛逃;背叛;
词根：de坏+fect做,制作→做坏了→缺陷
①(N-COUNT) 缺点;缺陷;毛病;瑕疵
A defect is a fault or imperfection in a person or thing.
●He was born with a hearing defect.
他患有先天性听力缺损。
②(VERB) 叛逃;背叛;变节;倒戈
If you defect, you leave your country, political party, or other group, and join an opposing country, party, or group.
●He tried to defect to the West last year...
去年他试图叛逃到西方。
●He defected from the party in the late 1970s.
他在20世纪70年代后期叛出了该党。
4、perfect
英[ˈpɜ:fɪkt] 美[ˈpɜrfɪkt]
CET4 | CET6 | 考研| TOEFL
adj. 完美的;正确的;优秀的;极好的;
n. [语]完成时;
词根：per全部+fect做,制作→全部做完→完善的
① (ADJ-GRADED) 完美的；最佳的
Something that is perfect is as good as it could possibly be.
● He spoke perfect English...
他英语说得棒极了。
② (ADJ-GRADED) 绝配的；十分合适的
If you say that something is perfect for a particular person,thing, or activity, you are emphasizing that it is very suitable for them or for that activity.
● Carpet tiles are perfect for kitchens because they're easy to take up and wash...
方块地毯非常适用于厨房，因为其便于揭起来清洗。
③ (ADJ) 无瑕的；完好的；完美无缺的
If an object or surface is perfect, it does not have any marks onit, or does not have any lumps, hollows, or cracks in it.
● Use only clean, Grade A, perfecteggs.
只用表面干净、无磕碰的A级鸡蛋。