英语中这20个表示“重要的”这一意思的词有哪些区别?如何记忆?


【英语中,至少有以下20个词语可以表示“重要的”这一意思:important, significant, essential, valuable, critical, crucial, vital, pivotal, cardinal, indispensable, decisive, fundamental, principal, primary, considerable, major, staple, momentous, paramount, central.尽管我也看到不少文章介绍其用法及区别,但都不全且杂乱。是否有办法系统性的记忆这些词的用法?】
这20个单词,并不是都是同义词,有各自的使用场景,但语言不像数学那样逻辑严密,它们的区别大致如下,分组解说: 
第一组:ImportantMajorPrimaryCentralStapleImportant: [通用词汇,常用来解说其他含“重要”意思的单词] 重要的;有重大影响的;有巨大价值的1.1. I have an important announcement to make. 我要宣布一件重要的事情。Major(一群人或事物中)主要的,较重要的,突出的,如:1.2. The two major dancers are level with each other.  两个主要舞蹈演员长得一般高.1.3. This was one of the major sticking points in the negotiations. 这是谈判中主要的难点之一。Primary:[常用于名词前] 最重要且基本的(基础性的),如:1.4. Good health care is of primary importance.
良好的医疗保健是重中之重。
Central:最重要且处于中心的(焦点性问题),如:1.5. Reducing inflation is central to (= is an important part of) the  government's economic policy. 减少通货膨胀是政府经济政策最重要的组成部分。
Staple:[只用于名词前] (食物、产品或活动)主要的,基本的;重要的1.6. Rice is the staple food of more than half the world's population. 稻米是全世界一半以上人口的主食。1.7. Jeans are a staple part of everyone's wardrobe. 在每个人的衣橱里,牛仔裤是必不可少的。第二组indispensableEssentialVital
indispensable : 【通用词汇】不可或缺的;必不可少的2.1. A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.   一本好词典是学习外语必备的。
Essential:【在特定情况下,或在行动、活动动中不可或缺】完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的。2.2. Experience is essential for this job. 对于这个工作,经验是非常重要的。2.3. essential services such as gas, water and electricity. 诸如燃气、水、电等必不可少的设施
Vital:【对成功或生存不可或缺】 必不可少的;对…极重要的  2.4. Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise. 妥善的财务账目对任何公司的成功都是极其重要的。2.5. The port is vital to supply relief to millions of drought victims. 这个港口对向数百万旱灾灾民提供救援物资是至关重要的。
第三组CriticalCrucial
Critical:(极其重要,会影响到事情本身的未来状况)极重要的;关键的;至关紧要的 3.1. Your decision is critical to our future.你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。
Crucial:(极其重要,会影响到其他事情)至关重要的;关键性的 3.2. Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company.赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。3.3. Parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for school.父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。
第四组ConsiderableSignificant Momentous
Considerable: 相当多的(用来修饰数额,大小、重要性等)4.1. The project wasted a considerable amount of time and money.那项工程耗费了相当多的时间和资金。4.2. Damage to the building was considerable.对这栋建筑物的损坏相当严重。
Significant有重大影响的,可能产生重大影响的,显著的,如:4.3. Your work has shown a significant improvement.你的工作有了显著改进。4.4. The company looks poised to make a significant breakthrough in China. 这家公司看来很有把握在中国取得重大突破。
Momentous意义重大的,具有重要意义的(可能会产生重要的结果),如:4.5. The past three years have been among the most momentous in world history. 过去的3年是世界历史上最重要的时期之一。4.6. History bears evidence that each momentous political change is usually followed by an economic revival. 历史证明,在每次重大的政治变革之后随之而来的往往是经济上的复兴.
第五组ValuableFundamentalPrincipal Cardinal Paramount
Valuable:【侧重于有益而体现重要】很有用的;很重要的;宝贵的5.1. This advice was to prove valuable. 这忠告证明是有益的。5.2. The book provides valuable information on recent trends.此书就近来的发展趋势提供了宝贵的信息。
Fundamental【重要到会影响核心问题,或其他重要的部分】最根本的;最重要的 .5.3. It was not simply a practical matter, but a fundamental question of  principle. 那不仅仅是个实际问题,更是一个根本性的原则问题。5.4. A fundamental change in the organization of health services was required. 公共医疗在组织上需要有一个根本性的变革。
Principal:(只用于名词前)【在多个重要因素中排首位】首要的;最主要的;最重要的 5.5. The principal reason for this omission is lack of time.跳过它的主要原因是时间不足。5.6. The principal reason for my change of mind is this. 这是我改变主意的最主要原因。
Cardinal:(只用于名词前)【其他事情以此为基础】最重要的;最主要的;基本的。5.7. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law.尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则。5.8. As a salesman, your cardinal rule is to do everything you can to satisfy a customer. 作为推销员,你的首要任务是竭尽全力让顾客满意。
Paramount:【在这组词汇里重要的程度是最高的】最重要的;首要的5.9. This matter is of paramount importance. 此事至关重要。5.10. This duty is paramount to all the others. 该义务是至高无上的.5.11. Safety is paramount. 安全至上。
第六组Pivotal Decisive
Decisive: 【特定情况下将左右最终结局】决定性的;关键的6.1. She has played a decisive role in the peace negotiations. 她在和谈中起了关键作用。6.2. The election campaign has now entered its final, decisive phase. 选举活动现在已进入了最后的决定性阶段。
Pivotal: 【核心的,其他事情依赖它】关键性的;核心的;中枢的6.3. The Court of Appeal has a pivotal role in the English legal system. 上诉法院在英格兰司法体系中起着中心作用。6.4. He has established himself as a pivotal figure in US politics. 他已经确立了自己在美国政界的核心地位。
●所以呢,只是去背单词的话,就很容易造成混乱;一定要去掌握单词的用法才行,要做到“词不离句”,这样用法也就掌握啦!
●●不要试图去记那些用法,是记不住的;而是把例句记下来,这样用法也就记住了!通过听录音,复述,默写,就轻松地把句子记住啦!
●●●当所学的单词达到一定的数量时,很多同学就会感到英语学习越来越糊涂了,很多词汇让人感到很混乱,不知道怎么用,那是因为在英语常用的词汇8000多个里,有过半的词汇是同义词,近义词及易混词,这是语言表述层次的需要,我们得分清楚它们的用法!《词不离句:英语常用词汇8000分级过关》(蓝色字体是链接)统计如下:★通过词汇辨析的学习来突破英语瓶颈,这是极为关键的要点!
语言学习要遵循如下规律:■语言学习要从听开始,这样才能打通语音与文字之间的连接;■语言学习要以句子为单位进行输入输出,而非单词!这样去学,才能掌握单词的用法,这样去学,英语就会变得简单起来!■语言属于类运动型知识,仅仅背单词,看看书,刷刷题是远远不够的,需要去训练才能掌握!这跟弹钢琴的道理是一样的,看看书,看看乐谱就会弹钢琴?
专题论述如下:英语训练指南(深度好文)-链接
Brother Joe007-词不离句:用自带的大杀器去学习英语!
Golden Oldie-怀旧金曲
Self control

Oh
oh ohOh
oh oh
Oh
the night is my worldCity light painted girlIn the day nothing mattersIt's the night time that flattersIn the night no controlThrough the wall something's breakingWearing white as you're walkingDown the street of my soul
You take my self you take my self controlYou got me living only for the nightBefore the morning comes the story's told
You take my self you take my self controlAnother night another day goes byI never stop myself to wonder whyYou make me forget to play my role
You take my self you take my self controlI ~ I live among the creatures of the nightI haven't got the will to try and fightAgainst a new tomorrowSo I guess I'll just believe itThat tomorrow never comes again
Tonight
I’m living in the moment of my dreamI
know the night is not as it would seemI
must believe in somethingSo
I'll make myself believe itThis night will never go
Oh-oh-oh Oh-oh-oh Oh the night is my worldCity light painted girlIn the day nothing mattersIt's the night time that flatters
In
the night no controlThrough the wall something's breakingWearing white as you're walkingDown the street of my soul
A
safe nightI
live among the creatures of the night.I
haven’t got the will to try and fight.Against
a new tomorrowSo I
guess I’ll just believe it.That
tomorrow never comes.
Oh
oh ohOh oh
oh
You
take my selfYou
take my self you take my self control……
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