文本选自：The Atlantic（大西洋月刊）
作者：Sara Clemence
原文标题：Take Antarctica off your travel bucket list
Why a sudden surge of broken heat records is scaring scientists
原文发布时间：3 Jul. 2023
Why a sudden surge of broken heat records is scaring scientists
A remarkable spate of historic heat is hitting the planet, raising alarm over looming extreme weather dangers — and an increasing likelihood this year will be Earth's warmest on record. New precedents have been set in recent weeks and months, surprising some scientists with their swift evolution: Historically warm oceans, with North Atlantic temperatures already nearing their typical annual peak; unparalleled low sea ice levels around Antarctica, where global warming impacts had, until now, been slower to appear; and the planet experiencing its warmest June ever charted, according to new data.
And then, on Monday came Earth's hottest day in at least 125,000 years. Tuesday was hotter. "We have never seen anything like this before, " said Carlo Buontempo, director of Europe's Copernicus Climate Change Service. He said any number of charts and graphs on Earth's climate are showing, quite literally, that "we are in uncharted territory."
It is no shock that global warming is accelerating — scientists were anticipating that would come with the onset of El Niño, the infamous climate pattern that reemerged last month. It is known for unleashing surges of heat and moisture that trigger extreme floods and storms in some places, and droughts and fires in others. But the hot conditions are developing too quickly, and across more of the planet, to be explained solely by El Niño. Records are falling around the globe many months ahead of the El Niño's peak impact, which typically hits in December and sends global temperatures soaring for months to follow.
为什么突然出现的破纪录高温让科学家感到恐慌
精听党背景导读
三天内，地球表面平均气温接连刷新最高值，这让一些科学家感到不安。美国国家环境预报中心的数据显示，7月3日是有相关数据记录以来“全球最热的一天”。但仅仅一天后，这一高温纪录就被打破，并在7月5日继续持平。对此，科学家警告称，气候变化已进入“未知水域”，在厄尔尼诺现象和全球变暖共同作用下，“全球最热一天”的纪录可能很快就会被再次刷新。
文本选自：The Atlantic（大西洋月刊）作者：Sara Clemence原文标题：Take Antarctica off your travel bucket list原文发布时间：3 Jul. 2023关键词：气候 变暖 担忧
精听党带着问题听
1.“一系列”用英语可以怎么表达？2. 如何理解段一中的“ever charted”？3. 厄尔尼诺现象的巅峰通常在几月份？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Why a sudden surge of broken heat records is scaring scientists
为什么突然出现的破纪录高温让科学家感到恐慌
surge n. 涌现，激增，激增；1. The surge in COVID-19 cases has overwhelmed the healthcare system. COVID-19病例的激增使医疗系统不堪重负。2. v. 涌；汹涌；涌动；
The crowd surged forward as the doors opened. 当门打开时，人群涌向前方。
scare vt. 恐吓，使害怕；1. The horror movie scared me so much that I couldn't sleep. 这部恐怖电影把我吓得睡不着觉。2. The loud noise scared the birds away. 巨大的噪音吓跑了鸟群。
段一
A remarkable spate of historic heat is hitting the planet, raising alarm over looming extreme weather dangers — and an increasing likelihood this year will be Earth's warmest on record. New precedents have been set in recent weeks and months, surprising some scientists with their swift evolution: Historically warm oceans, with North Atlantic temperatures already nearing their typical annual peak; unparalleled low sea ice levels around Antarctica, where global warming impacts had, until now, been slower to appear; and the planet experiencing its warmest June ever charted, according to new data.
a spate of 一连串，一系列；1. There has been a spate of car accidents in the city this week. 这个星期这个城市接连发生了多起车祸。
raise alarm 引起警报，引起警觉；1. The sudden increase in crime rates is raising alarm among the residents. 犯罪率的突然上升引起了居民们的警觉。
looming adj. 逼近的，若隐若现的；1. There is a looming sense of uncertainty in the market due to the upcoming elections. 由于即将到来的选举，市场的不确定性正在逼近。
on record 有记录的，被记载的；1. This is the highest number of sales on record for the company. 这是该公司有记录以来的最高销售额。
precedent n. 先例，前例；1. The company's actions go against established precedents in the industry. 该公司的行为违反了业界已有的先例。
swift evolution 快速演变，迅速发展；1. The technology industry is known for its swift evolution and constant innovation. 科技行业以其快速的演变和不断的创新而闻名。
near vt. 靠近，接近；
unparalleled adj. 无与伦比的，空前的；1. Her talent and dedication to her craft are unparalleled in the industry. 她在这个行业中的才华和奉献精神是无与伦比的。2. The team's success is due to their unparalleled teamwork and synergy. 这个团队的成功是由于他们无与伦比的团队合作和协同作用。
ever charted 有记录以来的，有史以来的；1. This is the highest temperature ever charted in this region. 这是该地区有记录以来的最高温度。2. The sales figures for this month are the highest ever charted by the company. 本月的销售数据是公司有记录以来的最高。3. ever adv. 有史以来；
This is the most devastating earthquake ever recorded in the region. 这是该地区有史以来最具破坏性的地震。It was the largest gathering of its kind ever witnessed in the city.这是该市有史以来规模最大的一次集会。
参考译文
一股前所未有的热浪正在袭击地球，对即将到来的极端天气危险发出了警报，而且今年越来越有可能成为地球有记录以来最热的一年。最近几周和几个月创下了出现了新的先例，其迅速演变令一些科学家感到惊讶：历史上温暖的海洋，北大西洋的温度已经接近其典型的年度峰值；而南极洲周围的海冰水平之低创了纪录（到目前为止，全球变暖的影响在那里出现得较慢）；根据最新数据，地球经历了有记录以来最炎热的六月。
段二
And then, on Monday came Earth's hottest day in at least 125,000 years. Tuesday was hotter. "We have never seen anything like this before," said Carlo Buontempo, director of Europe's Copernicus Climate Change Service. He said any number of charts and graphs on Earth's climate are showing, quite literally, that "we are in uncharted territory."
charts and graphs n. 图表；
literally adv. 确切地；字面上地；1. He literally ran all the way to catch the train. 他真的是一路跑着去赶火车。2. The room was so hot that it was literally like an oven. 房间热得简直像个烤箱。
uncharted territory 未知领域；未被探索的地区；1. The new technology takes us into uncharted territory. 这项新技术把我们带入了未知的领域。2. Exploring the deep ocean is like venturing into uncharted territory. 探索深海就像冒险进入未知的领域。
参考译文
然后，在星期一，地球经历了至少125,000年来最热的一天。星期二更热。欧洲哥白尼气候变化服务的负责人卡洛·布昂坦波说：“我们从未见过这样的情况。”他说，关于地球气候的任何图表和数据都显示，确实地，“我们处于未知领域。”
段三
It is no shock that global warming is accelerating — scientists were anticipating that would come with the onset of El Niño, the infamous climate pattern that reemerged last month. It is known for unleashing surges of heat and moisture that trigger extreme floods and storms in some places, and droughts and fires in others. But the hot conditions are developing too quickly, and across more of the planet, to be explained solely by El Niño. Records are falling around the globe many months ahead of the El Niño's peak impact, which typically hits in December and sends global temperatures soaring for months to follow.
accelerate vi. 加速，加快；1. The company plans to accelerate the production process to meet the growing demand. 这家公司计划加快生产流程以满足不断增长的需求。2. The car suddenly accelerated and raced down the highway. 汽车突然加速，沿着公路疾驰而下。
onset n. 开始，发作；1. The onset of the disease was sudden and severe. 这种疾病的发作突然而严重。
infamous adj. 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的；1. The city is known for its infamous traffic congestion. 这个城市因其声名狼藉的交通拥堵而闻名。3. in- (表示否定) + famous (著名的) → infamous (臭名昭著的)；
reemerge vi. 重新出现，再次浮现；1. After years of absence, the band reemerged with a new album. 销声匿迹多年后，这支乐队携一张新专辑重出江湖。
unleash vt. 释放，引发；1. The storm unleashed heavy rain and strong winds across the region. 这场风暴给整个地区带来了暴雨和强风。
trigger vt. 引发，触发；1. His careless remark triggered a heated argument. 他粗心的言论引发了一场激烈的争论。2. The sound of the alarm triggered a panic among the crowd. 警报声在人群中引起了恐慌。
drought n. 干旱，旱灾；1. The region has been experiencing severe droughts for the past few years. 在过去的几年里，该地区经历了严重的干旱。
solely adv. 仅仅，只有；1. She was solely responsible for the success of the project. 她是该项目成功的唯一责任人。
fall around 散落，分布；1. The toys were falling around the room after the children's playful activity. 孩子们玩耍后，玩具散落在房间各处。
peak impact 峰值影响，最大影响；1. The advertising campaign had its peak impact during the holiday season.广告活动的影响在假日季节达到顶峰。
send…soaring 使…飙升，使…猛增；1. The announcement sent the stock prices soaring. 这一消息使股票价格飙升。2. The new album release sent the artist's popularity soaring. 新专辑的发行使这位艺术家的人气飙升。
参考译文
全球变暖正在加速，这并不令人震惊——科学家预计这将伴随着恶名昭彰的厄尔尼诺现象的到来，这一气候模式上个月重新出现。众所周知，它（厄尔尼诺）会释放出大量的热量和水分，在一些地方引发极端的洪水和风暴，在其他地方引发干旱和火灾。但高温条件发展得太快，并且影响范围更广，不能仅仅用厄尔尼诺（现象）来解释。在厄尔尼诺现象的高峰影响之前，全球各地的气温记录正在下降，厄尔尼诺现象通常在12月发生，并使全球气温在随后的几个月内飙升。
精听党每日单词
surge
/sɜːrdʒ/ n. 涌现，激增，激增；
scare
/sker/ vt. 恐吓，使害怕；
a spate of
一连串，一系列；
raise alarm
引起警报，引起警觉；
looming
/ˈluːmɪŋ/ adj. 逼近的，若隐若现的；
on record
有记录的，被记载的；
precedent
/ˈpresɪdənt/ n. 先例，前例；
swift evolution
快速演变，迅速发展；
near
/nɪr/ vt. 靠近，接近；
unparalleled
/ʌnˈpærəleld/ adj. 无与伦比的，空前的；
ever charted
有记录以来的，有史以来的；
charts and graphs
n. 图表；
literally
/ˈlɪtərəli/ adv. 确切地；字面上地；
uncharted territory
未知领域；未被探索的地区；
accelerate
/əkˈseləreɪt/ vi. 加速，加快；
onset
/ˈɑːnset/ n. 开始，发作；
infamous
/ˈɪnfəməs/ adj. 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的；
reemerge
/ˌriːɪˈmɜːrdʒ/ vi. 重新出现，再次浮现；
unleash
/ʌnˈliːʃ/ vt. 释放，引发；
trigger
/ˈtrɪɡər/ vt. 引发，触发；
drought
/draʊt/ n. 干旱，旱灾；
solely
/ˈsoʊlli/ adv. 仅仅，只有；
fall around
散落，分布；
peak impact
峰值影响，最大影响；
send…soaring
使…飙升，使…猛增；
精听党文化拓展
近日，“全球最热一天”的新闻频频刷屏。
美国国家环境预报中心的数据显示，7月3日地球表面平均气温首次超过17摄氏度，达到17.01摄氏度。这意味着，自1979年开始有相关统计以来，全球平均气温已出现新高，打破了2016年8月14日和2022年7月24日创下的16.92摄氏度的纪录。然而，仅隔一天，这一纪录就再次被打破。美国国家环境预报中心数据显示，地球表面平均气温4日再创新高，达到17.18摄氏度。5日的全球平均气温则与4日持平，继续维持在高点。
除了美国国家环境预报中心，欧盟气候监测机构哥白尼气候变化服务局5日也表示，3日、4日全球平均气温接连创下1940年有记录以来的最高值。
对此，有科学家指出，虽然美欧相关数据都是从20世纪中叶左右才开始记录，但考虑到科学家从冰芯和珊瑚礁中了解到的数千年气候数据，近日的全球平均气温应该达到地球数千、数万年来的最高纪录。美国伍德维尔气候研究中心高级研究员詹妮弗·弗朗西斯（Jennifer Francis）告诉美国有线电视新闻网（CNN），本周的全球平均气温很可能是“至少10万年来”的最高值，意义重大。
专家还警告称，全球高温纪录可能很快就将再次被打破。
美国独立气温监测组织“伯克利地球”的科学家罗伯特·罗德（Robert Rohde）表示，今后6周可能多次刷新“全球最热一天”纪录。
精听党每日美句
I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
我不同意你说的话，但我愿意誓死捍卫你说话的权利。