call 和 names都是我们从小就学会的单词了，但call names这个用语许多人却并不熟悉。
这个习语最早记录于17世纪晚期，但莎士比亚在更早的时候、在《理查三世》中使用了类似的表达:"That thou hadst called me all these bitter names."（“你用了那么多刻薄的名字称呼我。”）
call (one) names的意思是：
To mock or disparage one with rude or offensive names.
用粗鲁或冒犯的名称嘲弄或贬低某人。
🌰举个例子
My son is miserable because the kids at his new school call him names.
我儿子很痛苦，因为新学校的孩子们嘲笑他。
I barely even know Lauren, so why is she calling me names to other people?
我都不认识劳伦，所以她为什么要在别人面前贬低我?
call names指的是使用侮辱性的词语谈论、讥笑、辱骂某人，虽然只是口头行为，但仍掩盖不住它的实质——一种伤害性的暴力行为。
🌰举个例子
She was bullied by a gang of girls who called her names and teased her about her weight.
她被一群女孩霸凌，她们给她取“外号”，还取笑她的体重。
be called every name in the book
1
让我们再认识另一个让人同样不舒服的短语：be called every name in the book：
To have been subjected to many different insulting, degrading, derisive, or slanderous terms.
受到许多不同的侮辱、侮辱、嘲笑或诽谤
🌰举个例子
I've been called every name in the book due to my beliefs, but I will always proudly stand by them!
因为我的信仰，我被人骂了个遍，但我将永远骄傲地坚持我的信仰！
A rose by any other name
2
：
其实完整的句子是：A rose by any other name would smell as sweet，玫瑰无论叫什么名字闻起来都一样香。这出自于莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，朱丽叶哀叹罗密欧是蒙太古家族的死敌。这句话想表达的意思是：The nature of a thing is more important than what it is called.
事物的实质比它的名称更重要。
🌰举个例子
Honestly, I don't care if they end up changing the name of my town. A rose by any other name would smell as sweet, and this will always be home.
老实说，我不在乎他们最终是不是改了镇名。玫瑰无论叫什么名字都一样甜美，这里永远是我的家。
但是，这个短语的简短版本 A rose by any other name 通常用于描述：不受欢迎的人或事。（莎翁落泪...）
🌰举个例子
A: "Do they really think that changing the company's name is going to effectively distance it from the scandal?"
B: "Yeah, I don't get it. A rose by any other name, and all that."
A:“难道他们真的认为更改公司名称就能让公司有效地远离丑闻吗?”
B:“是啊，我也不理解。玫瑰不叫玫瑰（不也还是玫瑰嘛），就是这样。”
name dropping
3
name dropping的意思是：
The act of mentioning or referring to important people as if they were one's friends or associates, usually in an attempt to impress others or garner preferential treatment.
提及重要人物，好像他们是自己的朋友或同事的行为，通常是为了给别人留下深刻印象或获得优待。俗称“拽人名”。
🌰举个例子
After a few drinks, Jennifer always starts name dropping from the summer she spent interning in Hollywood.
几杯酒下肚，詹妮弗就开始说起她在好莱坞实习的那个夏天认识的名人。
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