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In ancient times, the earliest writing
materials were bamboo slips and silk. Bamboo slips were thick and not easy to
carry, while silk, although soft, was expensive.
The turning point came during the Eastern
Han Dynasty, when a man named Cai Lun revolutionized the traditional
papermaking process with his remarkable insight and innovative spirit. He
ingeniously chose everyday waste materials such as tree bark, hemp, rags, and
old fishing nets as raw materials for papermaking, achieving resource
recycling.
The raw materials were first finely cut,
then steamed and softened, and then ground into pulp to fully disperse and mix
the fibers. Finally, the pulp was evenly spread on bamboo screens, dried, and
shaped, giving birth to thin and tough paper.
This new type of paper was low-cost and of
excellent quality, greatly reducing the cost threshold for knowledge recording
and improving the efficiency and quality of information recording and
replication. It made book production economical and rapid, greatly promoting
the popularization of knowledge and the integration of cultures. Whether it was
the copying and dissemination of classics, the printing of examination
materials for the imperial examinations, or the flourishing development of book
and painting art, it was inseparable from the support of this high-quality and
inexpensive paper.
Cai Lun's innovation not only profoundly
changed the social and cultural ecology of China, but also transcended national
borders. With the sound of camel bells along the Silk Road, the art of
papermaking spread far and wide, becoming an important cornerstone for driving
the progress of global civilization.
在古代，最初的书写材料是竹简与丝绸，竹简厚重，不便携带，丝绸虽轻柔却价格不菲。
转折点出现在东汉时期，一个名叫蔡伦的人，以其卓越的洞察力与创新精神，对传统造纸工艺进行了革命性的改良。他突破性地选取了树皮、麻头、破布、废旧渔网等日常生活中唾手可得的废弃物料作为造纸原料，巧妙地实现了资源再利用。
原料先经细致切割，随后蒸煮软化，再通过研磨打浆，使得纤维充分分散混合。最终，浆液均匀铺于竹帘之上，晾干成型，一张张轻薄而坚韧的纸张就此诞生。
这种新型纸张成本低廉，质地优良，极大降低了知识记录的成本门槛，提升了信息记录与复制的效率与质量。它使得书籍制作变得经济快捷，极大地推动了知识的普及与文化的交融。无论是典籍的抄录流传，还是科举教育的教材印制，乃至书画艺术的繁荣发展，都离不开这种质优价廉纸张的支撑。
蔡伦的创举不仅深刻改变了中国本土的社会文化生态，其影响力更超越国界，随着丝绸之路的驼铃声，造纸术远播四方，成为推动全球文明进程的重要基石。
说明：文中部分图片来源于网络，如有侵权，请联系删除。
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