每日英语听力外刊精读20230820:干旱影响全球水运航线,巴拿马运河长时间延误


文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)
作者:Joanna Partridge
原文标题:Long delays at Panama Canal after drought hits global shipping route
原文发布时间:15 Aug. 2023
Long delays at Panama Canal after drought hits global shipping route
Commercial ships are facing long queues and delays to travel through the Panama Canal as a lengthy drought in the Central American country has led to a cut in the number of vessels able to pass through one of the world's most important trading routes. In a fresh demonstration of the impact of the climate crisis on global business and trade, the Panama Canal Authority (ACP), which manages the waterway, introduced restrictions on the number of transiting vessels as a result of the drought.
An extended dry season has reduced the availability of water, required to allow vessels to pass through the canal's locks, which has triggered a logjam of ships awaiting their turn. The canal is favoured by many shippers as it usually reduces cost and transit times, especially for large retailers and energy companies that trade between China and the rest of Asia, and the US. The ACP has said it faces "unprecedented challenges", adding that the severity of the drought had "no historical precedence", even compared with the last drought in 2019-20.
In late July, the state-owned ACP limited the number of vessels passing through the waterway each day to an average of 32, down from the usual 36. It also restricted the permitted maximum depth of ships. The restrictions led to a bottleneck of ships waiting for their turn to cross and sent companies scrambling to find alternative routes.
干旱影响全球水运航线,巴拿马运河长时间延误

精听党背景导读
航运界网消息,据《劳氏日报》(Lloyd’s List)报道,受持续严重干旱和水资源短缺影响,巴拿马运河拥堵和过境延误问题进一步恶化。尽管美国东海岸的东西向运输尚未中断,但托运人正面临着越来越大的挑战。
挪威海事咨询公司Xeneta的首席分析师Peter Sand表示,托运人将面临两周的延迟,由于过境限制,货物的等待时间从12天增加到上周的17天。并指出,现在的情形与“松弛”的6月、7月截然不同。巴拿马运河(ACP)管理局强调称,此次干旱的严重程度和复发性“史无前例”。
文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)作者:Joanna Partridge原文标题:Long delays at Panama Canal after drought hits global shipping route原文发布时间:15 Aug. 2023关键词:巴拿马运河 延误 干旱
精听党带着问题听
1.“贸易航路”用英语可以怎么表达?2. 如何理解段一中的“cut”?3. 巴拿马运河管理局将平均每天通过巴拿马运河的船只数量限制在了多少艘?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Long delays at Panama Canal after drought hits global shipping route
干旱影响全球水运航线,巴拿马运河长时间延误
delay n. 延期,推迟;延误,耽搁;
Panama Canal 巴拿马运河;
drought n. 长期缺乏,严重短缺;干旱,旱灾;
route n. 路线,航线;道路,路途;1. travel route 旅行路线;2. trade route 贸易路线;3. shipping route [水运] 航线;
段一
Commercial ships are facing long queues and delays to travel through the Panama Canal as a lengthy drought in the Central American country has led to a cut in the number of vessels able to pass through one of the world’s most important trading routes. In a fresh demonstration of the impact of the climate crisis on global business and trade, the Panama Canal Authority (ACP), which manages the waterway, introduced restrictions on the number of transiting vessels as a result of the drought.
queue n. <英>(人、汽车等的)队,行列;<英>(为得到某机会而等待的)长列,长队;1. v. <英>排队(等候);竞相,抢着(做某事);
to queue up to do sth. 排队做某事;等着做某事;
travel through 穿越,经过;
lengthy adj. 漫长的,长时间的;(讲话、文章等)冗长的,过于详尽的;
cut n.(数量或尺寸上的)削减;1. to make a cut in sth. 对某事进行削减;
vessel n. 船,舰;
demonstration n. 演示,展示;游行,示威;证实;表达,表露;
climate crisis 气候危机;
waterway n. 航道;水路;排水沟;1. inland waterway 内陆水路;2. waterway transport 水路运输;3. waterway engineering 水道工程;
restriction n. 限制规定,限制法规;(受)限制(状态),(受)约束(状态);制约因素;1. restrictions on arm sales 对武器销售的限制;
transiting vessels 过境船只;
as a result of 由于,因为;
参考译文
商用船只在通过巴拿马运河时面临排长队和延误的情况,该运河作为全球最重要贸易航线之一,由于中美洲国家长期干旱,导致能够通过这条航线的船只数量减少。因为干旱,管理巴拿马运河的巴拿马运河管理局(ACP)对过境船只的数量出台了限制,这再次证明了气候危机对全球商业和贸易的影响。
段二
An extended dry season has reduced the availability of water, required to allow vessels to pass through the canal’s locks, which has triggered a logjam of ships awaiting their turn. The canal is favoured by many shippers as it usually reduces cost and transit times, especially for large retailers and energy companies that trade between China and the rest of Asia, and the US. The ACP has said it faces “unprecedented challenges”, adding that the severity of the drought had “no historical precedence”, even compared with the last drought in 2019-20.
extended adj. 延长了的,扩展了的;
dry season 枯水季节;干旱期;1. wet season 雨季;湿季;
availability n. 可用性,可得性;
lock n. 船闸;
trigger vt. 引发,激发;起动,触发;
logjam n. 僵局;(河道等)受圆木阻塞;停滞状态;拥挤;1. break the logjam 打破僵局;
favour vt. 偏袒,偏爱;支持,更喜欢;
retailer n. 零售商,零售店;讲述者 ;1. online retailer 线上零售商;
unprecedented adj. 前所未有的,史无前例的;(大小、数量、程度等)前所未知的,空前的;1. reach an unprecedented height 达到前所未有的高度;
severity n. 严重,严重性;严肃,严厉(的态度);严厉(的程度);1. disease severity 疾病严重度;发病度;
precedence n.(重要性或地位的)领先,优先权;地位先后,级别高低;
参考译文
旱季持续时间延长,减少了船只通过运河水闸所需的可用水,这使得等待轮候的船只发生堵塞。这条运河之所以受到许多托运人的青睐,因为它通常可以节约成本和运输时间,尤其对于在中国与亚洲其它地区以及美国之间进行贸易的大型零售商和能源公司。ACP(巴拿马运河管理局)表示,它(巴拿马运河)面临着“前所未有的挑战”,并补充说,即使与上次2019-2020年的干旱相比,这次干旱的严重程度也是“史无前例”的。
段三
In late July, the state-owned ACP limited the number of vessels passing through the waterway each day to an average of 32, down from the usual 36. It also restricted the permitted maximum depth of ships. The restrictions led to a bottleneck of ships waiting for their turn to cross and sent companies scrambling to find alternative routes.
state-owned adj. 国有的;国营的;州立的;
permitted adj. 被允许的;
depth n. 深度,纵深;深刻,深奥;深厚,深切;
bottleneck n. 瓶颈;
scramble vi. 匆忙地移动;仓促完成(困难的事);1. scramble to do sth. 争先恐后做某事;急于做成某事;
Shoppers were scrambling to get the best bargains. 顾客争先恐后地抢购最便宜的特价商品。They were scrambling to give the impression that the situation was in control. 他们急于给人一种形势已在掌控中的印象。
alternative adj. 可替代的,备选的;1. n. 可供选择的事物,替代物;
have no alternative 没有别的办法了;没有其他选择;别无选择;
参考译文
7月下旬,巴拿马共和国的ACP(巴拿马运河管理局)将平均每天通过该运河的船只数量限制在32艘,低于通常的36艘。它还限制了船舶允许的最大吃水深度。这些限制措施导致船只在等待过境时出现阻碍,并迫使各公司争相寻找替代航线。
精听党每日单词
delay
 /dɪˈleɪ/ n. 延期,推迟;延误,耽搁;
Panama Canal
 巴拿马运河;
drought
 /draʊt/ n. 长期缺乏,严重短缺;干旱,旱灾;
route
 /ruːt/ n. 路线,航线;道路,路途;
queue
 /kjuː/ n. <英>(人、汽车等的)队,行列;<英>(为得到某机会而等待的)长列,长队;
travel through
 穿越,经过;
lengthy
 /ˈleŋθi/ adj. 漫长的,长时间的;(讲话、文章等)冗长的,过于详尽的;
cut
 /kʌt/ n.(数量或尺寸上的)削减;
vessel
 /ˈves(ə)l/ n. 船,舰;
demonstration
 /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 演示,展示;游行,示威;证实;表达,表露;
climate crisis
 气候危机;
waterway
 /ˈwɔːtərweɪ/ n. 航道;水路;排水沟;
restriction
 /rɪˈstrɪkʃ(ə)n/ n. 限制规定,限制法规;(受)限制(状态),(受)约束(状态);制约因素;
transiting vessels
 过境船只;
as a result of
 由于,因为;
extended
 /ɪkˈstendɪd/ adj. 延长了的,扩展了的;
dry season
 枯水季节;干旱期;
availability
 /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/ n. 可用性,可得性;
lock
 /lɑːk/ n. 船闸;
trigger
 /ˈtrɪɡər/ vt. 引发,激发;起动,触发;
logjam
 /ˈlɔːɡdʒæm/ n. 僵局;(河道等)受圆木阻塞;停滞状态;拥挤;
favour
 /ˈfeɪvər/ vt. 偏袒,偏爱;支持,更喜欢;
retailer
 /ˈriːteɪlər/ n. 零售商,零售店;讲述者 ;
unprecedented
 /ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/ adj. 前所未有的,史无前例的;(大小、数量、程度等)前所未知的,空前的;
severity
 /sɪˈverəti/ n. 严重,严重性;严肃,严厉(的态度);严厉(的程度);
precedence
 /ˈpresɪdəns/ n.(重要性或地位的)领先,优先权;地位先后,级别高低;
精听党文化拓展
船舶经纪公司Braemar最新数据显示,最近的散货船延误时间或将超过三周。发生这种情况的原因是,随着成本的上升,船舶的预约名额大多被集装箱船和LNG运输船占用。该机构数据显示,截至目前,约有80艘散货船停泊、中转或等待通过巴拿马运河,较7月底的59艘有所增加,其中,超灵便型散货船(supramax)和极灵便型(ultramax)散货船的拥堵最为严重。
根据ACP的记录,去年有9000万吨散装货物通过运河运输,其中6600万吨从大西洋运往太平洋,2400万吨从太平洋运往大西洋,共计完成了超14200次转运,为巴拿马运河带来约43.2亿美元的收入。
Braemar预计,大多数船舶将选择通过苏伊士运河或在好望角附近进行压载的方式,避免长时间的等待和昂贵的预约成本。
尽管业内对巴拿马运河感到担忧,但据业内人士透露,托运人尚未发现该运河拥堵对美国货运流量的影响,货运流量可能向西回流的猜测仍未得到证实。据了解,过去两年来,集装箱一直从亚洲运往美国东海岸和墨西哥湾沿岸港口,而不是西海岸的集装箱码头。
零售业领袖协会(RILA)供应链副总裁Jess Dankert表示,并没有发现货物“大规模转移”回西海岸的现象,因为当下仍然可以采取方式来避免或减轻短期中断可能造成的影响。如果巴拿马运河的干旱持续下去,限制措施导致延误延长,或将变成影响货运路线的决策因素,最终影响托运人的决定。
精听党每日美句
Two seeds, a forest.
两粒种子,一片森林。
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