文本选自：The Guardian（卫报）
作者：Pippa Crerar and Rowena Mason
原文标题：Rishi Sunak considers banning cigarettes for next generation
原文发布时间：23 Sept. 2023
Rishi Sunak considers banning cigarettes for next generation
Rishi Sunak is considering introducing some of the world's toughest anti-smoking measures that would in effect ban the next generation from ever being able to buy cigarettes, the Guardian has learned. Whitehall sources said the prime minister was looking at measures similar to those brought in by New Zealand last December. They involved steadily increasing the legal smoking age so tobacco would end up never being sold to anyone born on or after 1 January 2009.
It is understood Sunak's leadership pledge to fine people £10 for missing a GP or hospital appointment may also be back on the table, although this could be politically difficult. The idea was announced by the prime minister during his campaign in summer 2022, but appeared to have been dropped when he took office last autumn. A New Zealand-style anti-smoking policy would mean cigarettes were phased out completely for the next generation. Under the former prime minister Jacinda Ardern, New Zealand also legislated to reduce the nicotine content of tobacco products and force them to be sold only through specialty tobacco stores, rather than convenience stores and supermarkets.
Labour has previously said it was consulting on phasing out cigarette sales over time for younger people in a similar way to New Zealand, with the shadow health secretary, Wes Streeting, saying in January he wanted to find out whether there was an "appetite for change" in the country.
英国首相里希·苏纳克考虑为下一代禁烟
精听党背景导读
据央视新闻，据英国《金融时报》网站当地时间9月22日报道，英国首相里希·苏纳克正在考虑对下一代人实行全面禁烟。
报道称，据知情人士透露，英国政府正在探讨是否可以实施类似于新西兰去年出台的制度，即逐步提高禁烟年龄，直至禁止向2009年1月1日及之后出生的人出售香烟和烟草。根据新西兰的法律，低于14岁的人将不能在该国合法购买香烟。
文本选自：The Guardian（卫报）作者：Pippa Crerar and Rowena Mason原文标题：Rishi Sunak considers banning cigarettes for next generation原文发布时间：23 Sept. 2023关键词：英国 首相 禁烟
精听党带着问题听
1.“合法吸烟年龄”用英语可以怎么表达？2. 新西兰是何时发布禁烟令的？3. 如何理解段三的“appetite for change”？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Rishi Sunak considers banning cigarettes for next generation
英国首相里希·苏纳克考虑为下一代禁烟
consider
vt. 考虑，斟酌；认为，视为；1. He considers moving to a new city for work. 他考虑搬到一个新的城市去工作。
段一
Rishi Sunak is considering introducing some of the world’s toughest anti-smoking measures that would in effect ban the next generation from ever being able to buy cigarettes, the Guardian has learned. Whitehall sources said the prime minister was looking at measures similar to those brought in by New Zealand last December. They involved steadily increasing the legal smoking age so tobacco would end up never being sold to anyone born on or after 1 January 2009.
introduce vt. 推行；实施；采用；
measure n. 措施，办法；适量，适度；判断，衡量；1. The government is taking measures to improve the economy. 政府正在采取措施来改善经济。
involve vt. 牵涉，涉及；包含，需要；1. The project involved a lot of complex calculations. 这个项目涉及很多复杂的计算。
steadily adv. 逐渐地，稳步地；不变地，稳定地；1. The company has been growing steadily over the years. 这家公司多年来一直在稳步增长。
increase vt. 增加；1. The cost of living is increasing every year. 生活成本每年都在增加。
legal smoking age 合法吸烟年龄；1. The government is considering raising the legal smoking age to 21. 政府正在考虑将合法吸烟年龄提高到21岁。
tobacco n. 烟草；1. Smoking tobacco can cause many health problems. 吸烟会引起许多健康问题。
参考译文
《卫报》获悉，英国首相里希·苏纳克正考虑出台一些世界上最严厉的禁烟措施，这些措施实际上将禁止下一代购买香烟。英国政府消息人士称，首相正在考虑类似于新西兰去年12月所采取的措施。其中包括稳步提高法定吸烟年龄，这样烟草将永远不会卖给2009年1月1日或之后出生的人。
段二
It is understood Sunak’s leadership pledge to fine people £10 for missing a GP or hospital appointment may also be back on the table, although this could be politically difficult. The idea was announced by the prime minister during his campaign in summer 2022, but appeared to have been dropped when he took office last autumn. A New Zealand-style anti-smoking policy would mean cigarettes were phased out completely for the next generation. Under the former prime minister Jacinda Ardern, New Zealand also legislated to reduce the nicotine content of tobacco products and force them to be sold only through specialty tobacco stores, rather than convenience stores and supermarkets.
pledge vt. 保证，发誓；使保证，使许诺；承诺给予，承诺提供；
GP abbr. 全科医生，普通医师（全写为 general practitioner，在社区而非在医院工作）；
phase out 逐步淘汰；1. Older models of the product will be phased out next year. 旧型号的产品将于明年逐步淘汰。
former adj. 前任的；1. The former president is writing a book about his experiences in office. 前总统正在写一本关于他执政经历的书。
legislate vi. 通过立法实施；制定法律，立法；1. The government has legislated to protect the rights of workers. 政府已经立法保护工人的权利。
nicotine content 尼古丁含量；1. The nicotine content of the cigarette is very high. 这支香烟的尼古丁含量非常高。
参考译文
据了解，苏纳克的领导班子承诺，对错过全科医生或医院预约的人罚款10英镑，这件事也可能重新回到谈判桌上进行讨论，尽管要通过这项决议可能在政治上很困难。苏纳克在2022年夏季竞选期间宣布了这一想法，但他去年秋天上任时似乎又放弃了这一想法。新西兰式的禁烟政策意味着下一代将完全无法购买香烟。在前总理杰辛达·阿德恩的领导下，新西兰还立法降低烟草产品的尼古丁含量，并强制要求烟草产品只能通过专业烟草商店销售，而不是通过便利店和超市销售。
段三
Labour has previously said it was consulting on phasing out cigarette sales over time for younger people in a similar way to New Zealand, with the shadow health secretary, Wes Streeting, saying in January he wanted to find out whether there was an “appetite for change” in the country.
previously adv. 以前地，先前地；1. He had previously worked as a teacher before becoming a writer. 在成为作家之前，他曾是一名教师。
consult vi. 咨询，请教；商量，商讨；1. The company is consulting with employees about the proposed changes. 公司正在就提议的变更与员工进行咨询。
shadow health secretary 影子卫生部长；1. The shadow health secretary criticized the government’s handling of the health crisis. 影子卫生部长批评了政府处理卫生危机的方式。
appetite for change 对变革的渴望；1. There is a growing appetite for change among the voters. 选民们对变革的渴望正在增长。
参考译文
英国工党此前曾表示，它正在就逐步停止向年轻人销售香烟进行咨询，就像新西兰一样。英国的影子卫生大臣韦斯·斯特里廷在1月份表示，他希望了解英国是否有“对变革的渴望”。
精听党每日单词
consider
/kənˈsɪdər/ vt. 考虑，斟酌；认为，视为；
introduce
/ˌɪntrəˈduːs/ vt. 推行；实施；采用；
measure
/ˈmeʒər/ n. 措施，办法；适量，适度；判断，衡量；
involve
/ɪnˈvɑːlv/ vt. 牵涉，涉及；包含，需要；
steadily
/'stedɪlɪ/ adv. 逐渐地，稳步地；不变地，稳定地；
increase
/ɪnˈkriːs , ˈɪŋkriːs/ vt. 增加；
legal smoking age
合法吸烟年龄；
tobacco
/təˈbækoʊ/ n. 烟草；
pledge
/pledʒ/ vt. 保证，发誓；使保证，使许诺；承诺给予，承诺提供；
GP
abbr. 全科医生，普通医师（全写为 general practitioner，在社区而非在医院工作）；
phase out
逐步淘汰；
former
/ˈfɔːrmər/ adj. 前任的；
legislate
/ˈledʒɪsleɪt/ vi. 通过立法实施；制定法律，立法；
nicotine content
尼古丁含量；
previously
/ˈpriːviəsli/ adv. 以前地，先前地；
consult
/kənˈsʌlt/ vi. 咨询，请教；商量，商讨；
shadow health secretary
影子卫生部长；
appetite for change
对变革的渴望；
精听党文化拓展
近日加拿大卫生部出台了一套新法规，要求在每支香烟上贴上警告标签。这一举措使加拿大成为世界上第一个采取这一步骤的国家，以持续努力帮助吸烟者戒除烟瘾并阻止潜在的烟民染上烟瘾。
每支香烟上的句子都用英语和法语写在过滤嘴周围的纸上，范围从有关伤害儿童到损害器官的警告，再到导致阳痿和白血病。有的标签也会显示，“Poison in every puff”。
加拿大癌症协会高级政策分析师罗布·坎宁安 (Rob Cunningham) 预测，这些标签将阻止青少年养成吸烟习惯，并促使依赖尼古丁的父母与之抗争。
“对于尝试从朋友那里‘借’一支香烟的年轻人来说，这意味着他们会看到香烟——即使他们可能看不到带有警告的包装，”他在电话采访中说。“这将引发广泛讨论，包括吸烟者在吸烟休息期间的讨论：‘今天你抽的烟上写了什么警告？’
“通常是孩子们敦促父母戒烟，这提供了新的信息，”坎宁安说。他指出，加拿大和其他地方的数十项研究表明，在每支香烟上印制警告语是有效的。
时任卫生部长让-伊夫·杜克洛 （Jean-Yves Duclos） 5月31日在宣布新警告标签的声明中表示，烟草使用仍然是加拿大最重要的公共卫生问题之一，也是该国导致疾病和过早死亡的主要原因之一。
精听党每日美句
"Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear." — Ambrose Redmoon
“勇气不是没有恐惧，而是判断有其他事情比恐惧更重要。”——安布罗斯·雷德穆恩