文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）
作者：Unknown
原文标题：Is the worst now over for America’s banks?
原文发布时间：28 Apr. 2023
Is the worst now over for America's banks?
After a hurricane has passed there is a period of calm that can feel euphoric. Survival is no longer at stake. Then, once the relief begins to fade, it is time to assess the damage. What destruction has been wrought? How difficult will it be to recover? This sequence will be familiar to anyone who has been paying attention to American banks this year. In the days that followed the sudden failure of Silicon Valley Bank, once the country's 16th-largest lender, as well as two other banks, panic and fear ripped through the financial system. Now, though, the storm seems to have passed. Certainly, no lender has been imperilled since. Cue the relief.
What of the wreckage? The extent can be hard to discern in the immediate aftermath. But America's listed banks must, once a quarter, disclose their balance-sheets and earnings, offering a 30,000-foot view of the mess. Results season, which began on April 14th, when Citigroup, JPMorgan Chase, PNC Bank and Wells Fargo reported their first-quarter results, will continue to be closely watched through to April 24th. That is when First Republic, a bank in San Francisco which narrowly avoided failure in March, will belatedly disclose its results, having postponed its normal schedule in light of events.
The panorama so far visible indicates that damage has not struck each part of the banking industry evenly. The simplest way to see this is to examine three measures—deposit bases, interest income and profits—at three differently sized banks. The biggest, with $3.7trn in assets, is JPMorgan Chase; one of the largest regional banks, PNC, with $560bn in assets, is up next; Western Alliance Bancorp, an Arizona-based lender with a mere $70bn in assets, completes the trio.
对于美国的银行来说，最糟糕的情况现在已经过去了吗？
精听党背景导读
美国第一共和银行因业绩显著恶化成为市场关注焦点，连续两天股价暴跌。分析人士认为，第一共和银行寻求出售资产“自救”的努力尚未取得实质进展，不能排除出现类似硅谷银行和签名银行关闭的风险，美国银行业危机仍在发酵。
第一共和银行24日公布的财报显示，该行一季度主要业绩指标显著恶化，存款总额环比大幅下降40.8％。虽然该行聘请多家机构担任顾问助其渡过难关，但旨在化解风险的“救助”交易迟迟未能达成，增加市场担忧。该行股价在25日和26日分别暴跌近50％和30％。
文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）作者：Unknown原文标题：Is the worst now over for America’s banks?原文发布时间：28 Apr. 2023关键词：美国 银行 危机
精听党带着问题听
1.“危如累卵”用英语可以怎么表达？2. 如何理解第二段中的“in light of”？3. 怎么去评估银行业的破坏程度？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Is the worst now over for America’s banks?
对于美国的银行来说，最糟糕的情况现在已经过去了吗？
段一
After a hurricane has passed there is a period of calm that can feel euphoric. Survival is no longer at stake. Then, once the relief begins to fade, it is time to assess the damage. What destruction has been wrought? How difficult will it be to recover? This sequence will be familiar to anyone who has been paying attention to American banks this year. In the days that followed the sudden failure of Silicon Valley Bank, once the country’s 16th-largest lender, as well as two other banks, panic and fear ripped through the financial system. Now, though, the storm seems to have passed. Certainly, no lender has been imperilled since. Cue the relief.
hurricane n. 飓风；爆发；
euphoric adj. 欣快的；极度兴奋的，情绪高涨的；1. My euphoric mood could not last. 我兴奋的心情持久不了。2. The atmosphere was euphoric. 气氛相当愉悦。
at stake 危如累卵；处于危险中；在紧要关头；
relief n.（因恐惧、忧虑或痛苦的消除而感到的）宽慰，轻松；（疼痛或不快的）减轻，缓解；解脱；救助；1. famine relief 饥荒救济；
fade vi. 逐渐消失；（使）褪色，（使）变暗；枯萎，凋谢；变得虚弱；退步；1. fade away 褪色；消逝；逐渐凋谢；2. The colour in this material does not fade. 这布料不褪色。3. My resentment of her slowly began to fade. 我对她的怨恨慢慢地开始消退了。
wrought vt. 使发生了，造成了（尤指变化）；工作（work 的过去式和过去分词）；1. The storm wrought havoc in the south. 这场暴风雨在南方造成了巨大的灾害。2. This century wrought major changes in our society. 本世纪给我们的社会带来了重大变革。
sequence n. 顺序，次序；连续事件（或动作、事物）；1. a sequence of unlucky events 一连串不幸事件；2. in sequence of sth. 按某种次序；
rip vi.（使）撕裂，（使）划破；迅速扯开，猛力去除；1. rip off 偷窃；扯掉；欺诈；剥削；2. rip out 扯掉；狠狠地发出；3. rip up 撕碎，撕毁；
imperil vt. 危及；使陷于危险；
cue vt. 暗示，提示；
参考译文
飓风过后，会有一段平静的时期，让人感到欣喜若狂。生存不再是危在旦夕。然后，一旦放松的心情开始消退，就该是评估损失的时候了。已经造成了什么破坏？恢复有多困难？对于今年一直关注美国银行的人来说，这样的顺序会很熟悉。在曾经是美国第16大贷款机构的硅谷银行以及其他两家银行突然倒闭后的几天里，恐慌和恐惧撕裂了整个金融系统。但现在，这场风暴似乎已经过去。当然，此后没有一家贷款机构受到威胁。这时候该是放松心情的时候了。
段二
What of the wreckage? The extent can be hard to discern in the immediate aftermath. But America’s listed banks must, once a quarter, disclose their balance-sheets and earnings, offering a 30,000-foot view of the mess. Results season, which began on April 14th, when Citigroup, JPMorgan Chase, PNC Bank and Wells Fargo reported their first-quarter results, will continue to be closely watched through to April 24th. That is when First Republic, a bank in San Francisco which narrowly avoided failure in March, will belatedly disclose its results, having postponed its normal schedule in light of events.
what of 怎么样；1. What of your plans? 你将何去何从？/ 你怎么打算？
wreckage n.（失事船或飞机等的）残骸；（船只等的）失事；1. to clear the wreckage 清理失事残骸；
discern vt.（艰难地或努力地）看出，觉察出；了解，认识；
aftermath n.（战争、风暴、事故的）后果，余波；1. A lot of rebuilding took place in the aftermath of the war. 战后进行了大量的重建工作。
belatedly adv. 延迟地；延续地；
postpone vt. 推迟，延缓；
in light of 根据；鉴于；从…观点；
参考译文
破坏结果是什么？刚刚发生后，其影响程度很难判断。但是，美国的上市银行必须每季度披露一次其资产负债表和收益，就给我们提供了一个可以站在3万英尺上空俯瞰混乱局面的机会。4月14日，花旗集团、摩根大通、PNC银行和富国银行公布其第一季度业绩时，业绩季已经开始，将继续密切关注到4月24日。第一共和银行是一家位于旧金山的银行，在3月份勉强避免了倒闭，届时将延迟披露其业绩，这已经是它在审时夺度，推迟了正常流程之后。
段三
The panorama so far visible indicates that damage has not struck each part of the banking industry evenly. The simplest way to see this is to examine three measures—deposit bases, interest income and profits—at three differently sized banks. The biggest, with $3.7trn in assets, is JPMorgan Chase; one of the largest regional banks, PNC, with $560bn in assets, is up next; Western Alliance Bancorp, an Arizona-based lender with a mere $70bn in assets, completes the trio.
panorama n.（陆地或海洋的）全景，全貌；全景画，全景摄影；（某一主题或系列事件的）概论，综述；1. The tower offers a breathtaking panorama of the city. 从塔上可看到壮丽的城市全景。
evenly adv. 平均地，均等地；平稳地，有规律地；1. He stood there breathing deeply and evenly. 他站在那里深深地、均匀地呼吸。
trio n. 三重唱；三件一套；三个一组；1. piano trio 钢琴三重奏；三重奏；钢琴三重奏组；
参考译文
迄今可见的全景图表明，银行业的每一部分并没有受到均匀的打击。最简单的方法是检查三个不同规模的银行的三个衡量标准——存款基数、利息收入和利润。最大的银行是摩根大通，拥有37万亿美元的资产；其次是最大的区域性银行之一PNC，拥有5600亿美元的资产；Western Alliance Bancorp是一家位于亚利桑那州的贷款机构，只有700亿美元的资产，完成了这三家银行的组合。
精听党每日单词
hurricane
/ˈhɜːrəkeɪn/ n. 飓风；爆发；
euphoric
/juːˈfɔːrɪk/ adj. 欣快的；极度兴奋的，情绪高涨的；
at stake
危如累卵；处于危险中；在紧要关头；
relief
/rɪˈliːf/ n.（因恐惧、忧虑或痛苦的消除而感到的）宽慰，轻松；（疼痛或不快的）减轻，缓解；
fade
/feɪd/ vi. 逐渐消失；（使）褪色，（使）变暗；枯萎，凋谢；变得虚弱；退步；
wrought
/rɔːt/ vt. 使发生了，造成了（尤指变化）；工作（work 的过去式和过去分词）；
sequence
/ˈsiːkwəns/ n. 顺序，次序；连续事件（或动作、事物）；
rip
/rɪp/ vi.（使）撕裂，（使）划破；迅速扯开，猛力去除；
imperil
/ɪmˈperəl/ vt. 危及；使陷于危险；
cue
/kjuː/ vt. 暗示，提示；
what of
怎么样；
wreckage
/ˈrekɪdʒ/ n.（失事船或飞机等的）残骸；（船只等的）失事；
discern
/dɪˈsɜːrn/ vt.（艰难地或努力地）看出，觉察出；了解，认识；
aftermath
/ˈæftərmæθ/ n.（战争、风暴、事故的）后果，余波；
belatedly
/bɪˈleɪtɪdli/ adv. 延迟地；延续地；
postpone
/poʊˈspoʊn/ vt. 推迟，延缓；
in light of
根据；鉴于；从…观点；
panorama
/ˌpænəˈræmə/ n.（陆地或海洋的）全景，全貌；全景画，全景摄影；（某一主题或系列事件的）概论，综述；
evenly
/ˈiːvnli/ adv. 平均地，均等地；平稳地，有规律地；
trio
/ˈtriːoʊ/ n. 三重唱；三件一套；三个一组；
精听党文化拓展
美联储定于5月2日到3日举行货币政策会议，市场普遍预测美联储为了遏制通胀将宣布继续加息。舆论指出，当前美国经济增速放缓、银行业危机继续发酵，在这种情况下美联储激进加息可能进一步拖累经济增长，将导致美国经济更快地陷入衰退。
美国商务部当地时间27日公布的预估数据显示，2023年第一季度美国实际国内生产总值按年率计算增长1.1%，显著低于去年第四季度的2.6%，也低于市场预期的2%。与此同时，美国通胀指标加速上升，第一季度个人消费支出价格指数上涨4.2%，高于预期值3.7%，并创下一年来最大涨幅。
市场人士据此预测，美联储或将宣布继续加息以应对通胀。然而自3月以来，受美联储激进加息影响，美国多家银行接连关闭，存款外流、信贷收紧等情况在美国银行业随处可见，舆论认为继续激进加息不仅不会使通胀率应声而降，反倒会为陷入危机的美国银行业甚至美国经济火上浇油，让美国离衰退更近一步。
美国全国广播公司近日报道称，当前美国银行业陷入困境，拖累经济增长，特别是加息叠加信贷紧缩，美联储期待的软着陆将难以实现。
精听党每日美句
A man is not finished when he is defeated. He is finished when he quits.
一个人如果失败了并不会完蛋，只有放弃了才会完蛋。