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01
2008年第4篇第13句
考研阅读逐句翻译
The southern states would not
have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar
institution,” including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man
for purposes of congressional representation.
词汇：
constitution //n. 宪法
institution //n. 习俗，制度
clause //n. 条款
congressional //adj. 美国国会的
结构：
The southern
states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the
“peculiar institution,” including a clause（主句） //that counted a slave as
three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation（that定语从句）.
译文：
如果没有对“特殊制度”的保护条款，南方各州是不会签署宪法的，其中一项是一个奴隶按五分之三人口计算国会代表权。
翻译思路：
五分之三妥协（Three-Fifths Compromise），是1787年美国南方与东北方在美国制宪会议中达成的协议。妥协将奴隶的实际人口乘以五分之三，以作为税收分配与美国众议院成员分配的代表性用途。
02
2008年第4篇第14句
考研阅读逐句翻译
And the statesmen’s political
lives depended on slavery.
译文：
并且这些政治家的政治生命也取决于奴隶制。
【作业】：
唐静 考研阅读逐句翻译2008年第4篇第15句
The three-fifths formula handed
Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating
the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College.
唐静 考研阅读逐句翻译2008年第4篇第16句
Once in office, Jefferson
extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved
into 13 states, including three slave states.
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