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01
2008年第4篇第15句
考研阅读逐句翻译
The three-fifths formula handed
Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating
the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College.
词汇：
formula //n. 公式，方程式；方案，方法
narrow //adj. 勉强的，微弱优势的
inflate //v. 充气，使膨胀
译文：
这个五分之三方案扩大了选举人团中南方各州的选票，使杰弗逊在1800年的总统选举中险胜。
翻译思路：
Electoral College是“选举人团，选举团”。这篇文章涉及不少美国历史和政治，尤其是选举方面的背景知识。如果有学历史政治的同学，可以多深入再了解一下。
另外这个句子中的搭配hand…victory，也很生动。其中的hand，当动词，是“给予”的意思。
02
2008年第4篇第16句
考研阅读逐句翻译
Once in office, Jefferson
extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved
into 13 states, including three slave states.
词汇：
extend //v. 扩大，延伸
carve //v. 雕刻；切下
结构：
Once in office,
Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; //the new land
was carved into 13 states, including three slave states.
译文：
一上任，杰弗逊就在1803年通过“路易斯安娜购地案”扩大了奴隶制；这片新土地被分为13个州，其中有三个实行奴隶制。
【作业】：
唐静 考研阅读逐句翻译2008年第4篇第17句
Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s
children – though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves.
唐静 考研阅读逐句翻译2008年第3篇第18句
Washington, who had begun to
believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black
soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his
relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.
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