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Rural，Rustic，Pastoral，Bucolic
乡村的。
🚩rural是指“远离城市和城镇无人居住或者人烟稀少的农村”，柯林斯解释为Rural places are far away from large towns or cities.。它还可以指“有乡村特色的，田园的，有乡土气息的”，强调乡村生活令人愉快的方面，柯林斯解释为Rural means having features which are typical of areas that are far away from large towns or cities.。
如：
These plants have a tendency to grow in the more rural areas.这些植物大多生长在偏远的乡村。
the old rural way of life昔日的田园生活
🚩rustic有褒义和贬义，褒义是指“乡村的，质朴的，有乡村风味的”，柯林斯解释为You can use rustic to describe things or people that you approve of because they are simple or unsophisticated in a way that is typical of the countryside.，强调“乡村生活的简单，不复杂的生活方式”。它也带有贬义，指“粗野的，不雅的”，牛津解释为rough and unrefined。
如：
rustic charm, peace, simplicity乡村的秀丽、宁静、简朴
rustic accents, manners 粗俗的腔调、举止
🚩pastoral是“田园风光的，田园式的，牧人的”，它常在比较理想化的描述中，表达一派和祥安宁的场景，牛津词典解释为relating to or portraying country life, the countryside or shepherds, especially in an idealized way。
如：
a pastoral scene, poem, painting 田园风光、诗、画
pastoral poetry/verse 田园诗
🚩bucolic有褒贬两层含义，褒义与pastoral同义，是“田园的，乡村的”，它强调乡村迷人的环境和生活；贬义则与rustic同义，强调乡村生活的粗俗、土气，缺乏舒适和精美的物质享受。牛津词典解释为of country life or the countryside; rustic。
如：
The painting shows a typically bucolic scene with peasants harvesting crops in a field.这幅画呈现出一派典型的田园景象：农夫在一块地里收获庄稼。
It was difficult for her to give up the city life for the bucolic tedium of a farm.她难以放弃城市的生活而去过单调无聊的乡村生活。
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