Original Title 原标题A Harvard education costs over $82,000 a year—here’s how much students actually pay
哈佛的一年费用超过82000美元，学生们真正要支付多少？
Going to an Ivy League institution like Harvard University can pay off in the long run.
从长远来看，进入哈佛大学这样的常春藤盟校是有回报的。
Former Harvard students who received federal aid command a median salary of $95,114 a decade after beginning college, according to the Department of Education’s College Scorecard. That’s well above the median salary of $50,806 among former attendees and federal aid recipients at all four-year institutions.
根据教育部的大学记分卡（College Scorecard），接受过联邦补助的哈佛大学毕业生在上大学十年后的工资中位数为 95114 美元。这一数字远高于所有四年制大学的毕业生和联邦助学金获得者的工资中位数50806美元。
Before they get there, though, Harvard students have a steep price to pay. Tuition for the 2024-25 school year costs $56,550, according to the school’s website. Additional fees like housing, food and student services brings the total cost of attendance up to $82,866.
在他们获得那个收入前，哈佛学生需要需要付出极高的费用。学校的网站显示，在2024-25学年，哈佛的学费为56550美元。加上诸如住宿、食物和学生服务等额外费用，整个学年的费用达到82866美元。
However, many students pay far less than the sticker price. Here’s how much students really pay for a Harvard education.
然而，许多学生支付的费用远远低于标价。以下是学生为哈佛教育真正支付的费用。
Nearly 1 in 4 Harvard families pay nothing
接近四分之一的哈佛家庭不用支付任何费用
While the Ivy League schools have a strong reputation for churning out high earners, they also tend to dole out generous financial aid packages to families with demonstrated need.
尽管常青藤盟校在培养高收入者上声誉卓著，它们还乐于向有需要的家庭提供经济援助。
Over half — 55% — of Harvard undergraduates receive institutional scholarships, according to the school, and 24% of Harvard families pay nothing after aid and grants.
据学校的统计，超过一半（55%）的哈佛本科生获得学校奖学金，在获得补助和奖学金后，24%的哈佛家庭不需要支付任何费用。
Harvard maintains a 100% need-based aid policy, which means it is committed to providing all of the financial assistance a family demonstrates they need. Families who earn less than $85,000 a year are not expected to contribute any money to their student’s cost of attendance, Harvard says.
哈佛大学坚持100%按需资助的政策，这意味着哈佛大学致力于为学生家庭提供他们所需的全部经济援助。哈佛大学表示，年收入低于85000美元的家庭无需为学生的就学费用提供任何资金。
Not all of the financial aid comes directly from the school though. Around 19% of undergraduate students receive federal Pell Grants, according to the school’s website. Students who receive federal financial aid pay an average of $19,500 a year to attend Harvard, according to the College Scorecard.
但并非所有的经济援助都直接来自学校。根据学校网站的数据，约有19%的本科生接受联邦佩尔助学金（federal Pell Grants）。根据大学记分卡（College Scorecard）的数据，接受联邦经济援助的学生平均每年要为哈佛大学支付19500 美元。
Low-income families are a small portion of Harvard’s population
低收入家庭学生占哈佛总学生数量的小部分
Though Harvard bills itself as a relatively affordable option for those who are accepted, the school’s admissions data has suggested it can be incredibly difficult for low-income students to get in the door.
虽然哈佛标榜自己是一个相对容易交得起学费的学校，但该校的录取数据表明，低收入学生要想进入哈佛的大门可能非常困难。
Harvard says its admissions process is “need-blind,” meaning a student’s ability to pay tuition bears no weight on their admission prospects. However, a number of factors make it difficult for students from low-income families to gain the competitive edge needed to be considered for admission to elite schools like Harvard.
哈佛大学表示，其录取过程是 "不问出身need- blind"，这意味着学生支付学费的能力不会对其录取前景产生任何影响。然而，低收入家庭的学生很难获得哈佛等名校录取所需的竞争优势。
Competitive colleges want to see applicants who demonstrate academic excellence and extracurricular involvement. Wealth and high household incomes have historically been proven to help students achieve both of those goals, whereas low-income students may not have the time or financial support to do the same.
竞争激烈的大学希望看到申请者有优秀学业和丰富的课外活动。历史证明，富裕和高家庭收入有助于学生实现这两个目标，而低收入学生可能没有时间或经济支持来实现这两个目标。
Even when students from differing economic backgrounds have similar academic performance, being wealthier may be an advantage.
即使当学生学习表现相近，但经济背景不一样时，较富裕的学生也可能具有优势。
A 2023 study by Harvard’s own Opportunity Insights found a student from the top 1% of households is twice as likely as a middle-class student with a similar SAT score to attend an Ivy League or “Ivy plus” school, which includes Stanford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Duke University and University of Chicago.
哈佛大学自己的研究机构机会洞察（Opportunity Insights）在2023年的一项研究发现，来自前1%家庭的学生进入常春藤联盟或 "常春藤+"学校（包括斯坦福大学、麻省理工学院、杜克大学和芝加哥大学）的可能性是SAT分数相近的中产阶级学生的两倍。
Students from the bottom 20% of earners made up just 4.5% of Harvard’s class of 2013, compared with 67% of students who come from the top 20%, according to the latest available data from Opportunity Insights.
根据机会洞察（Opportunity Insights）提供的最新数据，在哈佛大学2013届学生中，只有4.5%的学生来自收入最低的20%的家庭，而67%的学生来自收入最高的20%的家庭。