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Yesterday, we introduced the Mogao Grottoes
and the Longmen Grottoes, two of the Four Great Grottoes of China. Today, let's
take a look at the Yungang Grottoes and the Maijishan Grottoes.
昨天我们介绍了中国四大石窟中的敦煌莫高窟和龙门石窟，今天一起来看看云冈石窟和麦积山石窟吧。
3. Yungang Grottoes:
3. 云冈石窟
Located in the southern foothills of Wuzhou
Mountain in Datong City, Shanxi Province, the Yungang Grottoes were carved
during the Northern Wei Dynasty. They are exemplary of early Buddhist grotto
art in China. There are currently 45 main caves remaining, with over 51,000
statues of various sizes. The grottoes are renowned for their grandeur and
splendid decorations. The sculpture style of the Yungang Grottoes was
influenced by Indian and Central Asian art, combined with the characteristics
of Central Plains culture. It showcases historical traces of cultural exchanges
between East and West. The "Five Caves of Tan Yao" in the early phase
of the grottoes are particularly magnificent and of high artistic value.
位于山西省大同市西郊的武周山南麓，开凿于北魏时期，是中国早期佛教石窟艺术的典范。现存主要洞窟45座，大小造像51000余尊，以雄伟壮观、雕饰华丽著称。云冈石窟的造像风格深受印度及中亚艺术的影响，同时融合了中原文化的特点，展示了中西文化交流的历史痕迹，尤其是早期洞窟中的“昙曜五窟”，气势磅礴，艺术价值极高。
4. Maijishan Grottoes:
4. 麦积山石窟
Located on Mount Maiji, 45 kilometers
southeast of Tianshui City in Gansu Province, the Maijishan Grottoes got their
name because the mountain shape resembles a stack of wheat. The grottoes were
carved during the Later Qin Dynasty and continued to be expanded and repaired
during the Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, and Tang dynasties.
The Maijishan Grottoes are famous for their exquisite clay sculptures. There
are currently 194 caves with more than 7,000 clay sculptures and stone clay
sculptures. They are hailed as the "Eastern Sculpture Exhibition
Hall." The grottoes are distributed on steep cliffs, with suspended plank
paths. The vivid and lifelike statues provide a strong visual impact and
spiritual inspiration.
位于甘肃省天水市东南45公里的麦积山，因其山形酷似农家积麦之状而得名。石窟开凿于后秦时期，历经北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐等朝代的续建和重修。麦积山石窟以精美的泥塑艺术闻名，现存窟龛194个，泥塑、石胎泥塑七千余身，被誉为“东方雕塑陈列馆”。石窟分布在峭壁之上，栈道凌空，加之众多表情生动、栩栩如生的塑像，给人以强烈的视觉冲击和心灵震撼。
These four grottoes not only showcase the
wisdom and artistic creativity of ancient Chinese people but also bear witness
to the convergence of Buddhist culture and traditional Chinese culture. They
have spanned thousands of years, leaving behind endless artistic and spiritual
wealth for future generations.
中国四大石窟，不仅是中国古代人民智慧与艺术创造力的集中展现，也是佛教文化东渐与中国传统文化相互融合的见证，它们跨越千年的存在，为后世留下了无尽的艺术与精神财富。
说明：文中部分图片来源于网络，如有侵权，请联系删除。
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