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Su Shi, courtesy name Zizhan and literary
name Dongpo Jushi, was a renowned litterateur, calligrapher, painter, statesman
and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was born in 1037 AD and passed
away in 1101 AD. His life spanned over five dynasties of the Northern Song
Dynasty, namely Renzong, Yingzong, Shenzong, Zhezong and Huizong. He was a
giant in Chinese cultural history and had a profound influence on later
generations.
苏轼，字子瞻，号东坡居士，是北宋时期著名的文学家、书法家、画家、政治家和美食家。他生于公元1037年，逝于1101年，一生跨越了北宋的仁宗、英宗、神宗、哲宗、徽宗五朝，是中国文化史上的一位巨匠，对后世影响深远。
Su Shi had extremely deep literary
attainments. He, along with his father Su Xun and younger brother Su Zhe, were
collectively called the "Three Sus" and were listed among the
"Eight Great Litterateurs of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His poems,
ci-poems, prose and rhymed proses were all excellent, especially his ci-poems
and prose were most praised.
苏轼的文学造诣极深，与父亲苏洵、弟弟苏辙并称“三苏”，同列“唐宋八大家”。他的诗词文赋无所不精，尤以词作和散文最为人称道。
The style of Su Shi's ci-poems was both bold and
unrestrained as well as gentle and restrained. There were both the heroic
"The great river eastward flows, washing away the heroes through the
ages" and the tender "When will the moon be clear and bright? Holding
a cup in hand, I ask the blue sky". He initiated the bold and unrestrained
style of ci-poems and had a great influence on later generations. His prose was
represented by "Ode to the Red Cliff (First)" and "Ode to the
Red Cliff (Second)", with smooth writing, lofty artistic conception and
rich philosophy, showing his profound literary foundation and open-minded
attitude towards life.
苏轼的词风既豪放又婉约，既有“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物”的豪迈，也有“明月几时有？把酒问青天”的柔情，开创了豪放派词风，对后世影响极大。其散文则以《前赤壁赋》、《后赤壁赋》为代表，文笔流畅，意境高远，富含哲理，展现了他深厚的文学功底和豁达的人生态度。
In calligraphy, Su Shi also had very high
achievements and was known as one of the "Four Great Calligraphers in the
Song Dynasty" along with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang. His
calligraphic style was unique, especially good at running script, with powerful
strokes and an expansive momentum, forming his own school, and was praised as
the representative of the "advocating meaning" calligraphic style.
在书法上，苏轼同样有着极高的成就，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”。他的书法风格独具特色，以行书见长，笔力遒劲，气势开张，自成一家，被后人誉为“尚意”书风的代表。
Su Shi believed that calligraphy should reflect personal emotions and temperament, and advocated "My calligraphy is created with intention and there is no fixed method, and the dots and strokes are casually written without careful pursuit", emphasizing the naturalness and individuality in calligraphic creation.
苏轼认为书法应体现个人情感与气质，主张“我书意造本无法，点画信手烦推求”，强调书法创作中的自然与个性。
明天，我们接着讲《苏轼》（下），欢迎关注。
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