这篇长笔记和大家分享“加班后调休”和“放假前后调休”两种情况分别如何用英语描述。
虽然中文里边都叫调休，但国外也有“加班后调休”，而“放假前后调休”是中国特色，对很多外国人而言是新概念。
加班后调休
加班后调休英文常用说法是
compensatory time off
compensatory leave
compensatory day(s)
comp time
time off in lieu (TOIL)
这几个短语都表示“补休，补假”
compensatory /ˌkɒmpənˈseɪtəri/
表示“补偿的”
简称comp
例：
Some employers give you comp time instead of paying for overtime.
有些公司同意员工加班换调休，而不是发加班费。
time off in lieu (TOIL)
lieu读/ljuː/或者/luː/
是一个源于法语的单词
英语中基本只用于in lieu这个结构
in lieu of = instead of
表示“代替，而不是”
time off in lieu就是用带薪休息代替加班费
例：
He worked on Sunday and took Monday off in lieu.
他周日加班，周一调休。
They gave me one day off in lieu of payment for the work I did.
他们没给我工作报酬，但是给我放了一天假。
The company is allowing workers to receive cash in lieu of vacation time.
这家公司允许员工休假时间折现。
放假前后调休
这种特色操作英语中没有直接对应的表达
英文报道把它译作
compensatory working days
make-up working days
make-up workdays
compensatory和make-up表示“补偿的”
几个短语都表示“补工，补班”
外国人光看这个翻译未必能理解，所以报道中一般会补充说明“调休”具体怎么回事。
这些补充说明可能比“调休”的简短翻译学习价值高一点。有些中文特色表达很难有既简洁又让人一看就懂的翻译，这种情况下能清晰准确解释概念就很好，没必要强求“神翻译”。
英文报道对“调休”的解释说明我摘抄在下边，感兴趣的朋友可以看看。
The debate has arisen again about whether to have compensatory working days to allow for longer holidays…The Spring Festival and National Day holidays are three days, usually extended to a week with compensatory working weekends. The one-day May Day holiday has been extended to five days with compensatory working days. (Global Times)
The practice of moving workdays to weekends to create a longer vacation during major Chinese holidays is known as "tiaoxiu" or adjusted rest. (CNN)
According to the official arrangements, Chinese workers will start a five-day holiday from Wednesday. But the trick is that only one day, May 1, is an actual holiday. May 4 and 5 is a weekend while May 2 and 3 are compensation for two extra working days on April 28, which was Sunday, and May 11, a Saturday. (South China Morning Post)
Traditionally, and again in 2024, the Spring Festival and National Day holidays are extended to a week of consecutive public holidays. Particularly in the case of longer public holiday periods, preceding and/or following weekend days may be working days. These working days serve to compensate for some of the consecutive public holidays. In principle, companies are also free to make these compensatory working days non-working days. (Rödl & Partner)
China is currently in the middle of a public holiday to mark Labor Day on 1 May. It's a five-day break from work for many Chinese people – or is it? Two days of the holiday fall on Saturday and Sunday, while the other two days must be made up by working weekend days on either side of the holiday. This practice of compensatory working days, known as tiaoxiu in Chinese, allows for longer blocks of time off: seven days for Spring Festival, five for Labor Day and seven for National Day in October. (China Britain Business Council)
But the actual number of holidays has not increased because April 28 and May 5 being Sundays are make-up working days. (China Daily)
如果要说“我们国庆放假前后要调休”，最简单的说法，只说重点，就是周末要上班：
We have to work on weekends before and after the National Day.
详细一点，说明周末上班的原因：
We have to work on weekends before and after the National Day to make up for the extended holiday.
We have to work on weekends before and after National Day, so we can have a longer holiday break. It's like trading our weekends to get more continuous time off.
We have to work on weekends before and after the National Day holiday. National Day gives us three days off during the week, and the government often arranges for us to work the weekends around it. This way, we get a full week off instead of just three days.
笔记小结
加班后调休是“补休，补假”
compensatory time off
compensatory leave
compensatory day(s)
comp time
time off in lieu (TOIL)
放假前后调休是“补工，周末上班凑长假”
· compensatory working days
· make-up working days
· make-up workdays
· work on weekends to have a longer holiday break
· move workdays to weekends to create a longer vacation
终于写完了，这篇笔记整理编辑了很多天，删减了很多内容最后字还是不少，排版也调了好几遍，加上这本身就是个郁闷话题.....下几期写些比较美好的选题。