文本选自：The Guardian（卫报）
作者：Daniel Walton
原文标题：'Ripe for political violence': US election officials are quitting at an alarming rate
原文发布时间：30 Jul. 2023
'Ripe for political violence': US election officials are quitting at an alarming rate
Over the last four years, at least 40 of North Carolina's 100 counties have had to replace their election directors due to retirements, resignations and other career moves. Patrick Gannon, a spokesperson for the state Board of Elections, said that's a significantly greater level of turnover than the state has seen before. Similar trends hold true across the rest of the United States. A Boston Globe analysis of data from the US Vote Foundation found that county election official turnover had spiked after the 2020 election in battleground states like Arizona, Pennsylvania and Georgia. According to a 2022 survey by the nonpartisan Brennan Center for Justice, 20% of officials serving at the time said they planned to leave their posts before the 2024 presidential contest.
Those filling the vacancies are entering a high-pressure environment, especially in North Carolina, where Donald Trump defeated Joe Biden by fewer than 75,000 votes. Over 25% of the state's county election directors have personally experienced threats, according to a March poll by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Election Data and Science Lab, and 85% say their work-related stress has grown since 2019.
New election workers will help manage a voting system that's among the most complex in the world, said David Becker, executive director of the Washington-based Center for Election Innovation & Research, a non-profit that works to build trust in the electoral process.
“政治暴力时机成熟”：美国选举官员正以惊人的速度辞职
精听党背景导读
北卡罗来纳州，作为美国的关键摇摆州，正在经历选举法的快速变化，这给新官员带来了额外的压力，他们需要理解新的系统运作方式。例如，该州2023年的市政选举将是公民必须出示身份证才能投票的第一次选举。选民身份证法曾在2022年被一个由民主党控制的最高法院判定为具有种族偏见，但在今年共和党控制法院后，他们推翻了之前的裁决。
文本选自：The Guardian（卫报）作者：Daniel Walton原文标题：'Ripe for political violence': US election officials are quitting at an alarming rate原文发布时间：30 Jul. 2023关键词：美国 辞职 政治
精听党带着问题听
1.“职业变动”用英语可以怎么表达？2. 如何理解段一中的“hold true”？3. 麻省理工学院选举数据和科学实验室3月份的一项民意调查显示了什么？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
'Ripe for political violence': US election officials are quitting at an alarming rate
“政治暴力时机成熟”：美国选举官员正以惊人的速度辞职
ripe adj. 成熟的；
at an alarming rate 以惊人的速度；
段一
Over the last four years, at least 40 of North Carolina's 100 counties have had to replace their election directors due to retirements, resignations and other career moves. Patrick Gannon, a spokesperson for the state Board of Elections, said that's a significantly greater level of turnover than the state has seen before. Similar trends hold true across the rest of the United States. A Boston Globe analysis of data from the US Vote Foundation found that county election official turnover had spiked after the 2020 election in battleground states like Arizona, Pennsylvania and Georgia. According to a 2022 survey by the nonpartisan Brennan Center for Justice, 20% of officials serving at the time said they planned to leave their posts before the 2024 presidential contest.
replace vt. 代替；取代；更换， 赔还；
retirement n. 退休；退职；
resignation n. 辞职；顺从，听任；
Board of Elections 选举委员会；1. board n.（公司或其他机构的）董事会，委员会，理事会；
turnover n. 人事变更率；人员调整率；1. a high turnover of staff 员工流动率高；
hold true 同样适用；相同；
analysis of data 数据分析；
battleground state 激战州；摇摆州；
nonpartisan adj. 无党派的；
Brennan Center for Justice 布伦南司法中心；1. justice n. 司法；司法制度；法律制裁；审判；
serve vi.（为…）工作，履行义务，尽职责；
presidential adj. 总统的；最高权力人的；
参考译文
在过去的四年里，北卡罗来纳州的100个县中至少有40个县由于退休、辞职和其他职业变动而不得不更换选举主任。州选举委员会发言人帕特里克·甘农（Patrick Gannon）说，这比该州以前的人员流动水平要高得多。美国其他地区也有类似的趋势。《波士顿环球报》（Boston Globe）对美国投票基金会（US Vote Foundation）数据的分析发现，在2020年选举后，亚利桑那州、宾夕法尼亚州和佐治亚州等摇摆州的县选举官员流动率激增。无党派的布伦南司法中心（Brennan Center for Justice）在2022年进行的一项调查显示，当时20%的在职官员表示，他们计划在2024年总统大选前离职。
段二
Those filling the vacancies are entering a high-pressure environment, especially in North Carolina, where Donald Trump defeated Joe Biden by fewer than 75,000 votes. Over 25% of the state's county election directors have personally experienced threats, according to a March poll by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Election Data and Science Lab, and 85% say their work-related stress has grown since 2019.
vacancy n. 空缺；
a high-pressure environment 高压环境；
personally adv. 亲自地，本人地；
参考译文
那些填补空缺的人正在进入一个高压环境，特别是在北卡罗来纳州，唐纳德·特朗普以不到75000票的优势击败了乔·拜登。麻省理工学院选举数据和科学实验室（MIT Election Data and Science Lab）3月份的一项民意调查显示，该州超过25%的县选举主任亲身经历过威胁，85%的人表示，自2019年以来，他们的工作压力有所增加。
段三
New election workers will help manage a voting system that's among the most complex in the world, said David Becker, executive director of the Washington-based Center for Election Innovation & Research, a non-profit that works to build trust in the electoral process.
among the most complex 其中最复杂的；
executive adj. 有执行权的；
build trust 建立信任；
electoral adj. 选举的；
参考译文
总部位于华盛顿的非营利组织选举创新研究中心（Center for Election Innovation Research）的执行董事戴维·贝克尔（David Becker）说，新的选举工作人员将帮助管理世界上最复杂的投票系统。该组织致力于在选举过程中建立信任。
精听党每日单词
ripe
/raɪp/ adj. 成熟的；
at an alarming rate
以惊人的速度；
replace
/rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 代替；取代；更换， 赔还；
retirement
/rɪˈtaɪərmənt/ n. 退休；退职；
resignation
/ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 辞职；顺从，听任；
Board of Elections
选举委员会；
turnover
/ˈtɜːrnoʊvər/ n. 人事变更率；人员调整率；
hold true
同样适用；相同；
analysis of data
数据分析；
battleground state
激战州；摇摆州；
nonpartisan
/ˌnɑːnˈpɑːrtəzn/ adj. 无党派的；
Brennan Center for Justice
布伦南司法中心；
serve
/sɜːrv/ vi.（为…）工作，履行义务，尽职责；
presidential
/ˌprezɪˈdenʃl/ adj. 总统的；最高权力人的；
vacancy
/ˈveɪkənsi/ n. 空缺；
a high-pressure environment
高压环境；
personally
/ˈpɜːrsənəli/ adv. 亲自地，本人地；
among the most complex
其中最复杂的；
executive
/ɪɡˈzekjətɪv/ adj. 有执行权的；
build trust
建立信任；
electoral
/ɪˈlektərəl/ adj. 选举的；
精听党文化拓展
许多人大学毕业后的第一份工作通常不会附带太多的责任。然而，亚当·伯恩斯(Adam Byrnes)的首要任务是确保民主在美国一个关键的摇摆州发挥作用。
在从埃默里大学(Emory University)获得政治学学位之前，21岁的伯恩斯申请担任斯温县(Swain county)的选举主任。斯温县位于北卡罗来纳州西部，是一个人口约1.4万的山区。他还没有拿到文凭就得到了这份工作，并于5月底开始工作。他目前正在为11月举行的布赖森市县政府选举做准备，同时也为2024年的总统竞选奠定基础。
虽然他曾与一个校园公民参与组织和一个研究乔治亚州选民接触的外部团体合作，但伯恩斯很快意识到，这些面向外部的担忧只是选举的冰山一角。
“在管理方面，有很多东西要学。例如，现在我们正在处理年中竞选财务报告。”他解释道。“当你在一个公民参与组织时，这不是你真正要处理的事情。”
美国分散的选举制度让像伯恩斯这样的县级官员承担了很多责任。虽然他可能是北卡罗来纳州最年轻的选举主任，但他绝不是唯一一个在美国民主的关键时期学习的人。
精听党每日美句
The only way to do great work is to love what you do.
做出伟大的工作，唯一的方法就是热爱你所做的事。