文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）
作者：Unknown
原文标题：The economics of thinness
原文发布时间：30 Dec. 2022
The economics of thinness
Mireille Guiliano is a slim and successful woman. She was born in France and studied in Paris before working as an interpreter for the United Nations. She then worked in the champagne business and in 1984 joined Veuve Clicquot whose performance was, at the time, rather flat. She fizzed up the ranks and launched their American subsidiary. In 1991 she became its chief executive and ran it with great success. In her apartment overlooking downtown Manhattan, she offers a glass of water before quipping "You know how much I love water." She is correct; drinking plenty of water is a key rule in "French Women Don't Get Fat", her bestselling book on how to lose weight and stay slim "the French way".
In the book she describes her discomfort when as a teenager she gained weight while spending a summer in America. Her uneasiness comes to a head when she returns home to France and her father, instead of rushing to hug her, tells her she looks "like a sack of potatoes". She goes on a new diet plan, remembers her old French habits (lots of water, controlled portions, moving regularly) and tips the scales back in her favour.
As a successful woman who is willing to talk publicly about her appearance and her weight, Ms Guiliano is rare. "Of course, no one wants to talk about it," she says. "It is much easier to pretend it comes naturally." Successive waves of feminism have told smart women they should have emancipated themselves from vanity—as they have from domestic servitude and an existence defined by procreation.
瘦的经济学
精听党背景导读
现如今流行一个说法——富人瘦，穷人胖，意即富人注重养生，控制自已的体重，所以富人显瘦。而穷人则相反，每天无节制地吃喝会越来越胖，另外穷人因生活压力时常以酒精麻醉自已，用烟提神，一胖生百病，什么“三高”就来了，酒伤肝，烟伤肺，似乎穷人的生命质量也在下降。
文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）作者：Unknown原文标题：The economics of thinness原文发布时间：30 Dec. 2022关键词：瘦 健康 经济
精听党带着问题听
1.“一波又一波”用英文可以如何表达？2. “法国女人不会变胖”的关键原则是什么？3. 如何理解第二段的“come to a head ”？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
The economics of thinness. ——It is economically rational for ambitious women to try as hard as possible to be thin.
瘦的经济学。——从经济上讲，有抱负的女性尽最大努力保持苗条是合理的。
thinness n. 薄；瘦；细；1. thin adj. 薄的，细的；（人或身体部分）瘦的；（毛发）稀疏的；
rational adj. （想法、决定等）合理的，基于理性的；（人）理性的，理智的；
ambitious adj. 有抱负的，野心勃勃的；
段一
Mireille Guiliano is a slim and successful woman. She was born in France and studied in Paris before working as an interpreter for the United Nations. She then worked in the champagne business and in 1984 joined Veuve Clicquot whose performance was, at the time, rather flat. She fizzed up the ranks and launched their American subsidiary. In 1991 she became its chief executive and ran it with great success. In her apartment overlooking downtown Manhattan, she offers a glass of water before quipping “You know how much I love water.” She is correct; drinking plenty of water is a key rule in “French Women Don’t Get Fat”, her bestselling book on how to lose weight and stay slim “the French way”.
slim adj. 苗条的，纤细的；单薄的；
champagne n. 香槟酒；香槟色；
performance n. 表演，演出；工作情况，表现；（投资的）业绩；执行，履行；1. KPI abbr. 关键业绩指标（Key Performance Indicator）；
fizz up 嘶嘶地冒出来；1. fizz v. 发嘶嘶声；起泡沫；劈啪作响；有活力，显示兴奋；
subsidiary n. 子公司，附属公司；
overlook vt. 眺望，俯瞰；
quip vi. 说俏皮话，打趣；
bestselling adj. 畅销的；
参考译文
米雷耶·吉利亚诺是一位身材苗条的成功女性。她出生于法国，曾在巴黎学习，后来成为联合国的一名翻译。之后，她在香槟行业工作，并于1984年加入了尤乌·克里括（Veuve Clicquot），当时该公司的业绩相当平平。她迅速提升了公司的业绩，并且成立了他们的美国子公司。1991年，她成为该公司的首席执行官，并取得了巨大的成功。在她俯瞰曼哈顿市中心的公寓里，她先给了一杯水，然后打趣道：“你知道我有多爱水。”她是对的，多喝水是“法国女人不会变胖”的关键原则，《法国女人不会变胖》也是她写的一本关于如何以法国的方式减肥和保持苗条的畅销书。
段二
In the book she describes her discomfort when as a teenager she gained weight while spending a summer in America. Her uneasiness comes to a head when she returns home to France and her father, instead of rushing to hug her, tells her she looks “like a sack of potatoes”. She goes on a new diet plan, remembers her old French habits (lots of water, controlled portions, moving regularly) and tips the scales back in her favour.
discomfort n. 不适，不安；不便之处；
uneasiness n. 不安；担忧；局促；
come to a head 达到紧急关头；
sack n. 麻布（或厚纸、塑料等）大袋；一袋（的量）；
参考译文
在这本书中，她描述了自己十几岁时在美国度过一个夏天时体重增加的不适。当她回到法国的家时，她的不安达到了顶点，她的父亲没有冲过去拥抱她，而是告诉她，她看起来“像一袋土豆”。她开始了新的饮食计划，记住了她以前的法国习惯（多喝水，控制食量，有规律地运动），并使天平向有利于她的方向倾斜。
段三
As a successful woman who is willing to talk publicly about her appearance and her weight, Ms Guiliano is rare. “Of course, no one wants to talk about it,” she says. “It is much easier to pretend it comes naturally.” Successive waves of feminism have told smart women they should have emancipated themselves from vanity—as they have from domestic servitude and an existence defined by procreation.
pretend vt. 伪装，假装；（玩游戏时）假扮，装扮；
successive adj. 连续的，依次的；接替的，继承的；1. successive waves 一波又一波；
emancipate vt. 解放，使不受（法律、政治或社会的）束缚；
vanity n. 虚荣（心），自负；（相对于非常严肃的事而言）无意义，微不足道；
servitude n. 劳役，奴役；
procreation n. 生殖；生产；
参考译文
作为一名愿意公开谈论自己的外貌和体重的成功女性，吉利亚诺女士是罕见的。“当然，没有人愿意谈论这件事，”她说。“假装它是自然产生的要容易得多。”一波又一波的女权主义浪潮告诉聪明的女性，她们应该从虚荣中解放出来——就像她们从家庭奴役和以生育为定义的生活中解放出来一样。
精听党每日单词
thinness
/ˈθɪnnəs/ n. 薄；瘦；细；
rational
/ˈræʃ(ə)nəl/ adj. （想法、决定等）合理的，基于理性的；（人）理性的，理智的；
ambitious
/æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有抱负的，野心勃勃的；
slim
/slɪm/ adj. 苗条的，纤细的；单薄的；
champagne
/ʃæmˈpeɪn/ n. 香槟酒；香槟色；
performance
/pərˈfɔːrməns/ n. 表演，演出；工作情况，表现；（投资的）业绩；执行，履行；
fizz up
嘶嘶地冒出来；
subsidiary
/səbˈsɪdieri/ n. 子公司，附属公司；
overlook
/ˌoʊvərˈlʊk/ vt. 眺望，俯瞰；
quip
/kwɪp/ vi. 说俏皮话，打趣；
bestselling
/ˌbestˈselɪŋ/ adj. 畅销的；
discomfort
/dɪsˈkʌmfərt/ n. 不适，不安；不便之处；
uneasiness
/ʌnˈizɪnɪs/ n. 不安；担忧；局促；
come to a head
达到紧急关头；
sack
/sæk/ n. 麻布（或厚纸、塑料等）大袋；一袋（的量）；
pretend
/prɪˈtend/ vt. 伪装，假装；（玩游戏时）假扮，装扮；
successive
/səkˈsesɪv/ adj. 连续的，依次的；接替的，继承的；
emancipate
/ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/ vt. 解放，使不受（法律、政治或社会的）束缚；
vanity
/ˈvænəti/ n. 虚荣（心），自负；（相对于非常严肃的事而言）无意义，微不足道；
servitude
/ˈsɜːrvɪtuːd/ n. 劳役，奴役；
procreation
/ˌproʊkriˈeɪʃn/ n. 生殖；生产；
精听党文化拓展
随着经济的高速发展，我国已经基本上不再担心温饱问题，逐渐摆脱了几十年前贫困的模样，在以前，肥胖一度与收入的增加有关，越是肥胖的人家里往往越是富有，但是近几年来却出现了如西方国家一样的情景，那就是“富人瘦，穷人胖”，特别是低收入城市居民比其他人更容易出现肥胖问题，城市低收入人群逐渐成为肥胖人群的主力。
中国和澳大利亚的研究人员曾经做过一项调查，他们把受教育程度作为衡量社会经济地位的指标，结果显示，在中国人口受教育程度普遍较高的地区，受教育程度较低的人群反而更有可能超重，后者往往是在城市地区。
那么要怎么摆脱人们越来越胖的现象呢？
一、调整食谱进行减肥就是一个很好的方法。
南方医科大学南方医院内分泌科副主任医师刘仕群说，食谱可选用多款菜式，但每款菜式应精致化，控制在固定卡路里内，这样就能达到减肥者对吃的要求，同时达到减肥的效果，例如网上一些“速成减肥食谱”，之所以减肥失败，很大程度上是因为食谱固定化，吃多了就感觉腻了，从而让减肥者无法坚持下来，如果选用不同的食材，例如鸡肉、牛肉、瓜果等就能保持减肥者的减肥热情，达到减肥的效果。二、运动减肥依然是永恒主题。
在运动的同时辅以塑形训练。很多人都会有这种困惑，吃多了发胖时，脂肪都是集中堆积到腰部、小腹、臀部、大腿、手臂等部位，换上夏装时，这些赘肉让人很是烦恼。对付这些部位的脂肪，也可以在教练的指导下辅以塑形训练，如瑜伽、哑铃等，通过有计划的肌肉训练，使体内肌肉脂肪比例均衡，以达到塑造完美肌肉的效果。
精听党每日美句
With love, there are no rules. The heart decides and what it decides is all that really matters.
爱，没有规则。由心定论。