文本选自:Scientific American(科学美国人)
作者:Karol Banach
原文标题:'Breakthrough' Obesity Drugs Are Effective but Raise Questions
原文发布时间:11 Jan. 2023
'Breakthrough' Obesity Drugs Are Effective but Raise Questions
The hotel ballroom was packed to near capacity with scientists when Susan Yanovski arrived. Despite being 10 minutes early, she had to manoeuvre her way to one of the few empty seats near the back. The audience at the ObesityWeek conference in San Diego, California, in November 2022, was waiting to hear the results of a hotly anticipated drug trial.
The presenters—researchers affiliated with pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk, based in Bagsværd, Denmark—did not disappoint. They described the details of an investigation of a promising anti-obesity medication in teenagers, a group that is notoriously resistant to such treatment. The results astonished researchers: a weekly injection for almost 16 months, along with some lifestyle changes, reduced body weight by at least 20% in more than one-third of the participants. Previous studies had shown that the drug, semaglutide, was just as impressive in adults.
The presentation concluded like no other at the conference, says Yanovski, co-director of the Office of Obesity Research at the US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases in Bethesda, Maryland. Sustained applause echoed through the room "like you were at a Broadway show", she says. This energy has pervaded the field of obesity medicine for the past few years. After decades of work, researchers are finally seeing signs of success: a new generation of anti-obesity medications that drastically diminish weight without the serious side effects that have plagued previous efforts.
“突破性”减肥药有效的同时尚有新的问题
精听党背景导读
司美格鲁肽为GLP-1类似物(胰高血糖素样肽-1),与人GLP-1有94%的序列同源性。2017年12月,FDA批准司美格鲁肽用于成人2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制,2021年6月又批准用于慢性体重管理。在降糖、减重的双重功效加持下,司美格鲁肽成为现象级“新星”。
文本选自:Scientific American(科学美国人)作者:Karol Banach原文标题:'Breakthrough' Obesity Drugs Are Effective but Raise Questions原文发布时间:11 Jan. 2023关键词:减肥药 副作用 会议
精听党带着问题听
1. 根据本文,这次的会议上的人员情况如何?2. “为疑虑所困扰”用英文可以如何表达?3. 文章里描述该药的副作用是如何的?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
'Breakthrough' Obesity Drugs Are Effective but Raise Questions
“突破性”减肥药有效但引发质疑
breakthrough n. 重大进展;突破;1. make/achieve a breakthrough 作出/取得突破性进展;
obesity n. 过度肥胖,肥胖症;
raise vt. 引起;导致;使出现;1. raised a laugh 引人大笑;
段一
The hotel ballroom was packed to near capacity with scientists when Susan Yanovski arrived. Despite being 10 minutes early, she had to manoeuvre her way to one of the few empty seats near the back. The audience at the ObesityWeek conference in San Diego, California, in November 2022, was waiting to hear the results of a hotly anticipated drug trial.
ballroom n. 宴会厅,舞厅;
pack vt. 塞进;挤进;1. We all packed together into one car.我们都挤在一辆车里。
capacity n. 容纳力;
manoeuvre vt.(使谨慎或熟练地)移动,运动;转动;
San Diego 圣地亚哥(美国加州港口城市);
hotly adv. 激动地;激烈地;
anticipated adj. 受期待的,让人期盼的;
drug trial 药物试验;
参考译文
当苏珊·亚诺夫斯基到达时,酒店的宴会厅里已经挤满了科学家。尽管早到了10分钟,她还是不得不挤到后排为数不多的空座位上。2022年11月,在加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥举行的“肥胖周”会议上,听众们正在等待一项备受期待的药物试验的结果。
段二
The presenters—researchers affiliated with pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk, based in Bagsværd, Denmark—did not disappoint. They described the details of an investigation of a promising anti-obesity medication in teenagers, a group that is notoriously resistant to such treatment. The results astonished researchers: a weekly injection for almost 16 months, along with some lifestyle changes, reduced body weight by at least 20% in more than one-third of the participants. Previous studies had shown that the drug, semaglutide, was just as impressive in adults.
affiliated with 隶属于;1. affiliate v. 使隶属,使紧密联系;加入;(组织)接纳…为成员;
pharmaceutical adj. 制药的;
Novo Nordisk 诺和诺德公司(丹麦著名的制药公司);
Denmark n. 丹麦(欧洲国家);
promising adj. 有希望的,有前途的;1. promising future 光明的前途发展前景;2. promising market 发展潜力大的市场;有销路的市场;
anti-obesity adj. 抗肥胖的;
medication n. 药物,药品;
notoriously adv. 众所周知地,声名狼藉地;
resistant adj. 对…有抵抗力的;耐…的;
astonish vt. 使吃惊,使惊讶;
injection n. 注射;
along with 连同…一起;与…一道;
reduce vt. 减少,降低;
body weight 体重;
participant n. 参与者;
semaglutide n. 司美格鲁肽;索马鲁肽片;
impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的,令人钦佩的;
参考译文
发言者是丹麦巴格斯瓦德的诺和诺德制药公司的附属研究人员,其汇报的内容并没有让人失望。他们描述了一种针对青少年的有前景的抗肥胖药物的研究细节,这个群体的特点是对药物治疗异常抵抗。研究结果让研究人员大吃一惊:在将近16个月里,每周注射一次药物,加之一些生活方式的改变,使超过三分之一的试验参与者的体重至少减少了20%。既往的研究表明,司美格鲁肽这种药物,在成人中也同样效果显著。
段三
The presentation concluded like no other at the conference, says Yanovski, co-director of the Office of Obesity Research at the US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases in Bethesda, Maryland. Sustained applause echoed through the room "like you were at a Broadway show", she says. This energy has pervaded the field of obesity medicine for the past few years. After decades of work, researchers are finally seeing signs of success: a new generation of anti-obesity medications that drastically diminish weight without the serious side effects that have plagued previous efforts.
conclude vi. 结束;
co-director n. 联席主任;
the Office of Obesity Research 肥胖症研究办公室;
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases 国家糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所;
Maryland n. 马里兰(美国州名);
sustained adj. 持续的,持久的;
applause n. 掌声,喝彩;
echo vi. 重复,回响;
Broadway n. 百老汇(美国纽约市戏院集中的一条大街);
energy n. 精力;力量;1. creative/destructive energies 创造/毁灭力;
pervade vt. 遍及,弥漫;
generation n.(产品发展,尤指技术方面的)代;1. fifth-generation computing 第五代计算机技术;2. a new generation of vehicle 新一代交通运输工具;
drastically adv. 大幅度地;
diminish vt. 减弱,降低,减少;
side effects 副作用;
plague vt. 给…造成长时间的痛苦(或麻烦);困扰;折磨;1. be plagued by doubt 为疑虑所困扰;
参考译文
位于马里兰州贝塞斯达的美国国家糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所肥胖研究室联席主任亚诺夫斯基说,这次演讲的结束与大会上其他任何一次都不同。她说,连绵不绝的掌声在房间里回荡,“就像你在百老汇演出一样”。在过去的几年里,这种力量一直充斥着肥胖症医学领域。经过几十年的努力,研究人员终于看到了成功的迹象:新一代减肥药物可以大幅减轻体重,而不会产生像既往那样严重的副作用,使之前的努力功亏一篑。
精听党每日单词
breakthrough
/ˈbreɪkθruː/ n. 重大进展;突破;
obesity
/oʊˈbiːsəti/ n. 过度肥胖,肥胖症;
raise
/reɪz/ vt. 引起;导致;使出现;
ballroom
/ˈbɔːlruːmˌˈbɔːlrʊm/ n. 宴会厅,舞厅;
pack
/pæk/ vt. 塞进;挤进;
capacity
/kəˈpæsəti/ n. 容纳力;
manoeuvre
/məˈnuːvər/ vt.(使谨慎或熟练地)移动,运动;转动;
San Diego
圣地亚哥(美国加州港口城市);
hotly
/ˈhɑːtli/ adv. 激动地;激烈地;
anticipated
/ænˈtɪsɪpeɪtɪd/ adj. 受期待的,让人期盼的;
drug trial
药物试验;
affiliated with
隶属于;
pharmaceutical
/ˌfɑːrməˈsuːtɪk(ə)l/ adj. 制药的;
Novo Nordisk
诺和诺德公司(丹麦著名的制药公司);
Denmark
/ˈdenmɑːrk/ n. 丹麦(欧洲国家);
promising
/ˈprɑːmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 有希望的,有前途的;
anti-obesity
/ˈænti oʊˈbiːsəti/ adj. 抗肥胖的;
medication
/ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 药物,药品;
notoriously
/noʊˈtɔːriəsli/ adv. 众所周知地,声名狼藉地;
resistant
/rɪˈzɪstənt/ adj. 对…有抵抗力的;耐…的;
astonish
/əˈstɑːnɪʃ/ vt. 使吃惊,使惊讶;
injection
/ɪnˈdʒekʃ(ə)n/ n. 注射;
along with
连同…一起;与…一道;
reduce
/rɪˈduːs/ vt. 减少,降低;
body weight
体重;
participant
/pɑːrˈtɪsɪpənt/ n. 参与者;
semaglutide
n. 司美格鲁肽;索马鲁肽片;
impressive
/ɪmˈpresɪv/ adj. 给人印象深刻的,令人钦佩的;
conclude
/kənˈkluːd/ vi. 结束;
co-director
/koʊ dəˈrektər/ n. 联席主任;
the Office of Obesity Research
肥胖症研究办公室;
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
国家糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所;
Maryland
/ˈmerilənd/ n. 马里兰(美国州名);
sustained
/səˈsteɪnd/ adj. 持续的,持久的;
applause
/əˈplɔːz/ n. 掌声,喝彩;
echo
/ˈekoʊ/ vi. 重复,回响;
Broadway
/ˈbrɔːdweɪ/ n. 百老汇(美国纽约市戏院集中的一条大街);
energy
/ˈenərdʒi/ n. 精力;力量;
pervade
/pərˈveɪd/ vt. 遍及,弥漫;
generation
/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ n.(产品发展,尤指技术方面的)代;
drastically
/ˈdræstɪkli/ adv. 大幅度地;
diminish
/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/ vt. 减弱,降低,减少;
side effects
副作用;
plague
/pleɪɡ/ vt. 给…造成长时间的痛苦(或麻烦);困扰;折磨;
精听党文化拓展
2021年6月4日,司美格鲁肽注射液(商品名:Wegovy)用于超重/肥胖人群体重管理的适应症在美国正式获批。
美国FDA批准规格为2.4毫克的司美格鲁肽用于肥胖(BMI≥30kg/m2)或超重(BMI≥27 kg/m2)成人的慢性体重管理,一周使用一次。
顶级医学期刊《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)公布的STEP 3a期临床试验研究的结果显示,司美格鲁肽减肥效果突出,在非糖尿病的人群中进行的试验中,该项目涉及超过4500例无2型糖尿病的肥胖或超重成人患者,接受司美格鲁肽治疗的肥胖症患者在68周内平均体重减轻17-18%,试验显示安全且耐受性良好。
此外,司美格鲁肽周制剂对青少年肥胖治疗的作用也获得了支撑。
就在近日,《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)公布了司美格鲁肽周制剂用于12岁-18岁青少年肥胖治疗的最新研究进展。结果显示,联合饮食和生活方式管理,司美格鲁肽组的青少年肥胖受试者在接受治疗68周后,平均BMI较基线下降了16.1%,而安慰剂组平均BMI则升高了0.6%。
业内人士向21世纪经济报道记者分析指出,“司美格鲁肽能够模拟GLP-1作用,延缓胃排空,通过中枢性的食欲抑制作用减少进食量,增加饱腹感,从而达到控制血糖及减重的作用”。
而且,相比诺和诺德的另一款GLP-1受体激动剂——利拉鲁肽,司美格鲁肽注射液无需每日注射,一周只需注射一次,使用更方便。
精听党每日美句
A friend in need is a friend indeed。
患难见真交。