文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）
作者：Unknown
原文标题：How gas stoves became part of America’s culture wars
原文发布时间：19 Jan. 2023
How gas stoves became part of America's culture wars
A fiery debate has ignited in America—over the use of gas for cooking. On January 9th Richard Trumka junior, a commissioner at the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), a federal agency, told Bloomberg that the organisation was considering a ban on gas hobs, describing them as a "hidden hazard". That sparked outrage among many conservatives, many of whom blamed President Joe Biden. "If the maniacs in the White House come for my stove, they can pry it from my cold dead hands. COME AND TAKE IT! !" tweeted Ronny Jackson, a Republican congressman from Texas.
Andrew Gruel, a television chef, taped himself to a stove in protest. Even some Democrats were riled. Joe Manchin, a senator from West Virginia, called a ban a "recipe for disaster". Why have gas stoves become part of America's culture wars—and could they actually be banned?
Around 38% of American households have gas stoves, although that varies among states. Proponents say that they are cheaper and more efficient than electric alternatives—and even that food cooked on them tastes better. The gas industry has good PR. "Cooking with gas", an advertising slogan from the 1930s, is baked into the American psyche. The American Gas Association, a trade group, publishes recipes on cookingwithgas. org. In sponsored social-media posts, influencers rave about their gas stoves. But the appliances, which emit nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter and other pollutants, also carry environmental and health risks, including asthma.
燃气灶如何成为美国文化战争的一部分
精听党背景导读
据纽约邮报1月10日报道，为减少温室气体排放和人们的健康，周一，美国消费品安全委员会表示正在考虑在全国范围内禁止使用燃气灶。
据《消费者报告》和美国全国饭店协会称，目前38%的美国家庭和76%的美国餐馆都在使用燃气灶。安全委员会援引最近的报告称，燃气灶排放的二氧化氮和一氧化碳等污染物达到不安全水平，并与癌症、呼吸系统疾病和心血管疾病有关。
文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）作者：Unknown原文标题：How gas stoves became part of America’s culture wars原文发布时间：19 Jan. 2023关键词：燃气灶 美国文化 抗议
精听党带着问题听
1.“加油站”用英语如何表达？2. 如何理解第二段的“recipe for disaster”？3. 广告语“用煤气做饭”是什么时候出来的？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
How gas stoves became part of America’s culture wars
燃气灶如何成为美国文化战争的一部分
gas stove
煤气炉；1. gas n. 气体，煤气；
gas station 加油站，加气站；This gas is highly poisonous. 这种气体有剧毒。
2. stove n. 炉子，火炉；
I burned myself on the stove. 我被炉子烫了。
段一
A fiery debate has ignited in America—over the use of gas for cooking. On January 9th Richard Trumka junior, a commissioner at the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), a federal agency, told Bloomberg that the organisation was considering a ban on gas hobs, describing them as a “hidden hazard”. That sparked outrage among many conservatives, many of whom blamed President Joe Biden. “If the maniacs in the White House come for my stove, they can pry it from my cold dead hands. COME AND TAKE IT!!” tweeted Ronny Jackson, a Republican congressman from Texas.
fiery adj. 燃烧的，激烈的，易怒的；1. A helicopter crashed in a fiery explosion in Vallejo. 一架直升机在瓦列霍起火爆炸后坠毁了。
ignite vi. 点燃，燃烧；引发，激起；1. Dry weather in certain part of the United States has ignited fires during summer time. 干燥天气在美国某些地方，夏天会引发火灾。
hob n. [机] 滚刀；铁架；1. gas hobs 燃气灶；
hazard n. 危险，危害，(不可避免的)风险；1. hidden hazard 隐患；2. Catching colds is unfortunately an occupational hazard in this profession. 不幸的是，患感冒是这个行业的职业风险。
spark vt. 引起，触发，点燃，发动；1. The proposal would spark a storm of protest around the country. 这一提案将引发全国性的抗议浪潮。2. n. 导火线，火花，发动机；
A spark ignites the fuel in a car engine. 汽车发动机中的燃料由火花点燃。
outrage n. 愤怒，愤概，骇人听闻的事；1. outrageous adj. 骇人的，无法容忍的；2. The judge’s remarks caused public outrage. 裁判的话引起了公愤。
blame vt. 指责，责备；1. blame for 因…责备；2. blame oneself 自责；3. Quite frankly, I don't blame you. 坦白说，我并不怪你。4. n. 责备，过错，罪责；
put the blame on 归咎于…；No blame attaches to you. 你一点责任也没有。
maniac n. 疯子，狂热者；1. The people here drive like maniacs. 此地的人开车像疯子。2. adj. 发狂的，疯狂的，狂热的；
He could not maintain his maniac speed for much longer. 他不能太长时间地保持这种疯狂的速度。
pry vt. 撬开，撬动；1. Let me pry it open with something. 我找个东西把它捅开。2. v. 刺探，窥探，探查；
参考译文
在美国，一场关于使用燃气做饭的激烈辩论已经点燃。1月9日，联邦机构消费者产品安全委员会（CPSC）的专员Richard Trumka junior告诉彭博社，该组织正在考虑禁用燃气灶，将其描述为一种“隐患”。这在许多保守派中引发了愤怒，其中许多人指责总统乔·拜登。“如果白宫里的疯子来搞我的炉子，他们可以从我冰冷的死手里撬开它。来拿吧！！”德克萨斯州的共和党议员罗尼·杰克逊在推特上说。
段二
Andrew Gruel, a television chef, taped himself to a stove in protest. Even some Democrats were riled. Joe Manchin, a senator from West Virginia, called a ban a “recipe for disaster”. Why have gas stoves become part of America’s culture wars—and could they actually be banned?
tape vt. 用带子系紧，绑紧，包扎，录音，录像；胶带，胶布；1. I tape my fingers. 我用胶带绑起手指。2. n. 磁带，胶带，录音带；
tape recorder 录音机；Tell me when the tape starts recording. 磁带开始录时告诉我一声。
protest n. 抗议，反对，声明；1. protest vote 反对票，抗议票；2. All protest had been silenced. 一切反对的声音都被压了下去。3. v. 公开反对，抗议，声明；
It would be futile to protest. 抗议也无用。
rile vt. 激怒，惹怒，搅浑；1. Nothing ever seemed to rile him. 好像从来没有什么事让他烦恼。
recipe for disaster 造成灾难的因素；1. His plans are a recipe for disaster. 他的计划后患无穷。2. recipe n. 诀窍，秘诀，食谱，原因；
What’s your recipe for success? 你成功的秘诀是什么？a recipe for business success or for succeeding in business 做生意成功的秘诀；
参考译文
电视厨师安德鲁·格鲁埃尔(Andrew Gruel)将自己绑在炉子上以示抗议。甚至一些民主党人也被激怒了。来自西弗吉尼亚州的参议员乔·曼钦(Joe Manchin)称这项禁令是“导致灾难的因素”。为什么煤气灶会成为美国文化战争的一部分——并且它们真的能被禁止吗?
段三
Around 38% of American households have gas stoves, although that varies among states. Proponents say that they are cheaper and more efficient than electric alternatives—and even that food cooked on them tastes better. The gas industry has good PR. “Cooking with gas”, an advertising slogan from the 1930s, is baked into the American psyche. The American Gas Association, a trade group, publishes recipes on cookingwithgas.org. In sponsored social-media posts, influencers rave about their gas stoves. But the appliances, which emit nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter and other pollutants, also carry environmental and health risks, including asthma.
proponent n. 支持者，建议者；1. This time, proponents have learned their lesson. 这一次，支持者们吸取了教训。
electric adj. 电的，电子的，令人激动的；1. He invented the first electric clock. 他发明了第一个电动钟。2. n. 电，电路系统；
The electric will be off tomorrow. 明天停电。
3. electrical adj. 跟电有关的；4. electricity n. 电，电流；5. electrician n. 电工；
alternative n. 替代选择，可供选择的事物；1. It is wrong to suggest that there are easy alternatives. 认为有容易的选择是错误的。2. adj. 可替代的，备选的；
Do you have an alternative solution? 你有没有别的解决办法？
PR abbr. 公共关系（public relations）；
psyche n. 心智，灵魂；
rave vi. 赞赏，极力赞扬，赞不绝口，热烈谈论；1. Do people rave about your food? 有人称赞过你做的食物么？2. adj. 狂热褒评的，大加赞扬的；
The play received rave reviews. 该剧获得了许多热评。
emit vt. 排放，散发(气体，辐射物等)，发出(噪音)，发行，发表；1. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. 这些汽车的排放量超过了欧盟国家所有微波炉的排放量。
nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮；1. Nitrogen dioxide and ozone may cause pulmonary edema. 二氧化氮和臭氧可以引起肺水肿。2. nitrogen n. 氮；
Nitrogen is an unstable element. 氮是一种不稳定的元素。
3. dioxide n. 二氧化物；
Humans take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.人吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳。
particulate adj. 微粒的；1. the particulate pollution in our atmosphere 我们大气中的颗粒污染；2. n. 微粒，颗粒状物质；
pollutant n. [环境]污染物；1. Tests have shown high levels of pollutants in the water. 测试显示水中污染物质的含量很高。2. organic pollutants 有机污染物；3. air pollutants 空气污染；
参考译文
大约38%的美国家庭拥有燃气灶，尽管各州的情况有所不同。支持者说，它们比电炉更便宜、更有效，甚至用它们做的食物味道更好。燃气行业有着良好的声誉。1930年代的广告语“用煤气做饭”被烙进了美国人的心里。美国燃气协会是一个贸易团体，它在cookingwithgas.org网站上公布了食谱。在赞助的社交媒体帖子中，有影响力的人对他们的燃气灶大加赞赏。但是，排放二氧化氮、颗粒物和其他污染物的设备也有环境和健康风险，包括哮喘。
精听党每日单词
gas stove
煤气炉；
fiery
/ˈfaɪəri/ adj. 燃烧的，激烈的，易怒的；
ignite
/ɪɡˈnaɪt/ vi. 点燃，燃烧；引发，激起；
hob
/hɑːb/ n. [机] 滚刀；铁架；
hazard
/ˈhæzərd/ n. 危险，危害，(不可避免的)风险；
spark
/spɑːrk/ vt. 引起，触发，点燃，发动；
outrage
/ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/ n. 愤怒，愤概，骇人听闻的事；
blame
/bleɪm/ vt. 指责，责备；
maniac
/ˈmeɪniæk/ n. 疯子，狂热者；
pry
/praɪ/ vt. 撬开，撬动；
tape
/teɪp/ vt. 用带子系紧，绑紧，包扎，录音，录像；
protest
/ˈproʊtest/ n. 抗议，反对，声明；
rile
/raɪl/ vt. 激怒，惹怒，搅浑；
recipe for disaster
造成灾难的因素；
proponent
/prəˈpoʊnənt/ n. 支持者，建议者；
electric
/ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电的，电子的，令人激动的；
alternative
/ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/ n. 替代选择，可供选择的事物；
PR
abbr. 公共关系（public relations）；
psyche
/ˈsaɪki/ n. 心智，灵魂；
rave
/reɪv/ vi. 赞赏，极力赞扬，赞不绝口，热烈谈论；
emit
/iˈmɪt/ vt. 排放，散发(气体，辐射物等)，发出(噪音)，发行，发表；
nitrogen dioxide
二氧化氮；
particulate
/pɑːrˈtɪkjələt/ adj. 微粒的；
pollutant
/pəˈluːtənt/ n. [环境]污染物；
精听党文化拓展
燃气的替代品包括老式电线圈炉灶和电磁炉。电线圈炉灶通常只在家里使用，而且加热慢，而电磁炉不能与某些其他炊具一起使用。一些厨师喜欢环保的感应炉灶。
一家米其林法国餐厅的主厨最近在家里安装了电磁炉。“这比看火焰要精确得多。你可以真正专注于你的烹饪，关注锅里的东西，而不是看锅底下的火。”主厨里珀特说，他的餐厅仍然使用燃气灶，除非需要维修，否则他不会更换，毕竟换设备也是一笔巨大的开支。
纽约市酒店业联盟执行董事安德鲁·里吉指出，转型所需的资金对许多餐馆来说太高了。他在一封电子邮件中告诉媒体：“将设备转换为电磁炉，并确保商业厨房有足够的电力负荷有难度，而且对许多餐馆来说成本过高。”
许多餐馆已经在疫情中遭受重创，现在要求掏钱更换设备无疑雪上加霜。许多餐馆老板表示，在从燃气灶转向电磁炉的“改革”中，餐馆可能难以幸存下来。
精听党每日美句
By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it.
读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。