文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）
作者：Unknown
原文标题：A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing
原文发布时间：1 Feb. 2023
A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing
People in Laguna proudly refer to their southern Brazilian city as the "national capital of fish-herding dolphins." For at least 140 years, artisanal fishers and bottlenose dolphins have worked together in careful synchrony to catch mullet in a lagoon there. The spectacle of nets flying through the air while dolphins dive into the murky water has become a popular attraction for tourists and is recognized by local authorities as an intangible cultural heritage.
Before 1998 no one knew for sure whether humans and the cetaceans were really working together or just appeared to do so—or whether one species was benefiting but not the other. It was then that scientists confirmed that this renowned example of human-wildlife cooperation does aid at least one of the participating parties: the fishers who enjoy larger catches when they join forces with dolphins. Most people believed that the dolphins were reaping rewards, too, but this hypothesis was more difficult to put to the test.
Now scientists have finally confirmed that the benefits are indeed mutual. An exhaustive new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA on January 30 shows that dolphins who team up with fishers gain more food and have an edge in survival, compared with those that hunt without bipedal partners. The resident population of up to 60 dolphins use their echolocation to find schools of mullet that humans otherwise would not be able to detect beneath the opaque water.
著名的海豚与人类的捕鱼伙伴关系正面临消失的危险
精听党背景导读
在地球上的大多数地方，海豚给商业渔民带来了麻烦。海豚会被渔网缠住，在这个过程中破坏渔网，也会损伤自己。然而，有一个地方，海豚和人类一起工作，以确保它们都有足够的鱼吃。今天的这篇文章带你走进巴西拉古纳的小渔村里，一起了解这种不同寻常的共生现象。
文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）作者：Unknown原文标题：A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing原文发布时间：1 Feb. 2023关键词：捕鱼 海豚 合作
精听党带着问题听
1.“join forces with”表达什么意思？2. 现在的科学家是否证实人类与海豚合作双方受益？3. 海豚用的什么技术去探测的胭脂鱼群？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing
著名的海豚与人类的捕鱼伙伴关系正面临消失的危险
famed adj. 著名的；1. a famed poet 一位大名鼎鼎的诗人；2. renowned adj. 有名望的，著名的；3. famous adj. 著名的，出名的；
fishing n. 钓鱼，捕鱼；
partnership n. 伙伴关系；合伙人身份；
段一
People in Laguna proudly refer to their southern Brazilian city as the "national capital of fish-herding dolphins." For at least 140 years, artisanal fishers and bottlenose dolphins have worked together in careful synchrony to catch mullet in a lagoon there. The spectacle of nets flying through the air while dolphins dive into the murky water has become a popular attraction for tourists and is recognized by local authorities as an intangible cultural heritage.
refer to… 提到；谈及；描述；涉及；1. This paragraph refers to the events of last year. 这一段说的是去年发生的事。
Brazilian adj. 巴西的；巴西人的；
at least 至少；
artisanal adj. 手工艺的；
bottlenose n. 宽吻海豚；1. bottlenose dolphins 宽吻海豚；
synchrony n. 同步；
mullet n. 胭脂鱼；
lagoon n. （地理）（水文） 泻湖；环礁湖；咸水湖；潟湖；
spectacle n. 壮观的景象；
dive vi. 潜水；跳水；
murky adj. （液体）浑浊的；
attraction n. 向往的地方；旅游胜地；有吸引力的事物；1. Buckingham Palace is a major tourist attraction. 白金汉宫是重要的旅游胜地。
be recognized … as 被认定为…；
intangible adj. （资产，利益）无形的；不可捉摸的，难以确定的；1. intangible assets [经] 无形资产；2. tangible adj. 有形的；实际的；真实的；明确的；可触摸的，可感知的；
参考译文
拉古纳的人们自豪地称他们的巴西南部城市为“捕鱼海豚的国家首都”。至少140年来，手工渔民和宽吻海豚一直在那里的一个泻湖（潟湖）上小心翼翼地同步捕捞胭脂鱼。海豚潜入浑浊的水中，渔网在空中飞舞的景象已经成为吸引游客的热门景点，并被当地政府认定为非物质文化遗产。
段二
Before 1998 no one knew for sure whether humans and the cetaceans were really working together or just appeared to do so—or whether one species was benefiting but not the other. It was then that scientists confirmed that this renowned example of human-wildlife cooperation does aid at least one of the participating parties: the fishers who enjoy larger catches when they join forces with dolphins. Most people believed that the dolphins were reaping rewards, too, but this hypothesis was more difficult to put to the test.
for sure 确实；毫无疑问地；
cetacean n. 鲸鱼；鲸类动物；
appear to 表面上；似乎，好像；
renowned adj. 有名望的，著名的；
party n.（契约或争论的）当事人，一方；1. the guilty/innocent party 有罪的/无罪的一方；
join forces with （同…）联合；（与…）合作；1. The two firms joined forces to win the contract. 两家公司联合起来争取合同。
reap vt. 获得，收获；1. They are now reaping the rewards of all their hard work. 他们现在正在收获辛勤劳动的成果。
hypothesis n. 假说，假设；（凭空的）猜想，猜测；前提；
put…to the test 使受考验；使受检验；1. His theories have never been put to the test. 他的理论从未得到过检验。
参考译文
在1998年之前，没有人确切地知道人类和鲸类是否真的在一起合作，或者只是表面上如此——或是否一个物种受益而另一个物种没有受益。就在那时，科学家们证实，这个著名的人类与野生动物合作的例子确实帮助了至少一个参与方：当渔民与海豚合作时，渔民可以捕获更多的鱼。大多数人当时认为海豚也能获得回报，但这个假设更难验证。
段三
Now scientists have finally confirmed that the benefits are indeed mutual. An exhaustive new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA on January 30 shows that dolphins who team up with fishers gain more food and have an edge in survival, compared with those that hunt without bipedal partners. The resident population of up to 60 dolphins use their echolocation to find schools of mullet that humans otherwise would not be able to detect beneath the opaque water.
indeed adv. 确实，的确；实际上；真正地；
mutual adj. 相互的，彼此的；
exhaustive adj. 详尽的；彻底的；全面的；1. exhaustive research/tests 彻底的探究/检查；
team up with 合作；与…结成一队；
edge n.（微弱的）优势；影响力；（坏事的）边缘，临界点；1. They have the edge on us. 他们略胜我们一筹。
bipedal adj. 两足动物的；二足的；
echolocation n. 回波定位；回声测距；回声定位能力（鲸和蝙蝠等所具备得一种机能）；
school n.（鱼、鲸、海豚等的）群；1. a school of dolphins 一群海豚；
detect vt. 发现；查明；侦察出；1. The tests are designed to detect the disease early. 这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
opaque adj. 不透明的；不透光的；浑浊的；1. opaque glass 不透明的玻璃；
参考译文
现在，科学家们终于证实，双方合作的益处确实是相互的。1月30日发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项详尽的新研究表明，与那些没有跟渔民合作狩猎的海豚相比，和渔民合作的海豚获得了更多的食物，并且在生存中具有优势。这里居住着多达60只海豚，它们利用回声定位来寻找人们在浑水下无法探测到的胭脂鱼群。
精听党每日单词
famed
/feɪmd/ adj. 著名的；
fishing
/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n. 钓鱼，捕鱼；
partnership
/ˈpɑːrtnərʃɪp/ n. 伙伴关系；合伙人身份；
refer to…
提到；谈及；描述；涉及；
Brazilian
/brəˈzɪliən/ adj. 巴西的；巴西人的；
at least
至少；
artisanal
/ˈɑrtəzənəl/ adj. 手工艺的；
bottlenose
/bɔtlnəuz/ n. 宽吻海豚；
synchrony
/ˈsɪŋkrəni/ n. 同步；
mullet
/ˈmʌlɪt/ n. 胭脂鱼；
lagoon
/ləˈɡuːn/ n. （地理）（水文） 泻湖；环礁湖；咸水湖；潟湖；
spectacle
/ˈspektək(ə)l/ n. 壮观的景象；
dive
/daɪv/ vi. 潜水；跳水；
murky
/ˈmɜːrki/ adj. （液体）浑浊的；
attraction
/əˈtrækʃ(ə)n/ n. 向往的地方；旅游胜地；有吸引力的事物；
be recognized … as
被认定为…；
intangible
/ɪnˈtændʒəb(ə)l/ adj. （资产，利益）无形的；不可捉摸的，难以确定的；
for sure
确实；毫无疑问地；
cetacean
/sɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 鲸鱼；鲸类动物；
appear to
表面上；似乎，好像；
renowned
/rɪˈnaʊnd/ adj. 有名望的，著名的；
party
/ˈpɑːrti/ n.（契约或争论的）当事人，一方；
join forces with
与…合作；
reap
/riːp/ vt. 获得，收获；
hypothesis
/haɪˈpɑːθəsɪs/ n. 假说，假设；（凭空的）猜想，猜测；前提；
put…to the test
使受考验；使受检验；
indeed
/ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 确实，的确；实际上；真正地；
mutual
/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/ adj. 相互的，彼此的；
exhaustive
/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪv/ adj. 详尽的；彻底的；全面的；
team up with
合作；与…结成一队；
edge
/edʒ/ n.（微弱的）优势；影响力；（坏事的）边缘，临界点；
bipedal
/ˌbaɪˈpiːdl; ˌbaɪˈpedl/ adj. 两足动物的；二足的；
echolocation
/ˌekoʊloʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 回波定位；回声测距；回声定位能力（鲸和蝙蝠等所具备得一种机能）；
school
/skuːl/ n. （鱼、鲸、海豚等的）群；
detect
/dɪˈtekt/ vt. 发现；查明；侦察出；
opaque
/oʊˈpeɪk/ adj. 不透明的；不透光的；浑浊的；
精听党文化拓展
世代共生的捕鱼，这种共生或合作捕鱼在拉古纳已经持续了120年之久，或许更长。在一封可以追溯到19世纪末的信中，作者提到了这一点，但历史学家和人类学家认为人类和海豚之间的关系可以追溯到更远的地方。然而，他们不知道这种合作安排是如何或为什么开始的。目前尚不清楚海豚或人类是否发起了这种安排，也不知道它们是如何将自己的意图传达给彼此的，所以我们将假设这是一场海豚和人类的美丽交往。
海豚是聪明的动物，研究海豚的研究人员和科学家长期以来一直注意到海豚的高智力和复杂的社会结构。海豚很容易训练，而且有很好的模仿行为，但它们也证明它们可以学习新信息，然后将这些知识应用到其他事情中。他们可以抽象地思考、推理和解决问题。他们还表现出情感特征，比如同理心、快乐、自我意识、悲伤、沮丧等等。
精听党每日美句
Life is a horse, and either you ride it or it rides you.
生活若无波折险阻，就会过于平淡无奇（人生像一匹马，你不驾驭它，它便驾驭你）。