文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）
作者：Unknown
原文标题：China’s BYD is overtaking Tesla as the carmaker extraordinaire
原文发布时间：9 Feb. 2023
China's BYD is overtaking Tesla as the carmaker extraordinaire
To get a sense of why Toyoda Akio announced on January 26th that he would hand over the keys to the world's biggest carmaker to Sato Koji, his number two, watch the surreal video from 2021 of the two of them driving Toyota's first Lexus electric vehicle (EV). Mr Toyoda is at the wheel. At first, it is clear that he is a bit of an EV sceptic: he notes that the car feels heavy to drive. Then he puts his foot to the floor, and as the speed picks up he whoops with joy like an overexcited Top Gun pilot. It is cringeworthy—but pertinent.
Toyota is seen by many as an EV laggard. In announcing his decision to vacate his position to Mr Sato, who is 13 years younger, the chairman-designate made clear it was time for a new generation to speed up the move into the electric era. Much of the media commentary surrounding Mr Toyoda's move casts it as a response to Tesla. That is too Western-centric. Tesla may be the world's biggest EV producer and, according to Elon Musk, its boss, so far ahead of the competition that he cannot see the number two with a telescope. Yet it ignores a Chinese newcomer that, for all Mr Musk's bombast, Toyota no doubt takes as seriously as it does Tesla.
It is BYD, which this year may overtake Tesla as the biggest global seller of pure EVs (not including hybrids, which it also makes). BYD is Toyota's EV partner in China as well as a rising competitor globally. More important, it emulates many of the traits that for decades have made Toyota the world's most successful car company.
中国的比亚迪正超越特斯拉，成为出类拔萃的汽车制造商
精听党背景导读
近日，据海外媒体报道，比亚迪已经超越特斯拉成为全球销量最大的电动汽车制造商，表明中国在这一产业的主导地位在不断上升。
在这份报道中公布了比亚迪在2022年的销售数据：在今年上半年整体比亚迪的销量为64.1万台车，同比增长逾300%。有分析人士认为，中国本土汽车业的崛起，正是全球汽车市场格局改变的征兆，中国电动汽车品牌已开始加强对出口市场的关注，未来也势必有更多的中国品牌成长起来，站上全球的舞台，与国际品牌同台竞技。
文本选自：The Economist（经济学人）作者：Unknown原文标题：China’s BYD is overtaking Tesla as the carmaker extraordinaire原文发布时间：9 Feb. 2023关键词：丰田 电动汽车 比亚迪
精听党带着问题听
1.“速度检测器”用英语可以如何表达？2. 如何理解第二段中的“laggard”？3. 丰田在中国的电动汽车合作伙伴是哪家？
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
China’s BYD is overtaking Tesla as the carmaker extraordinaire
中国的比亚迪正超越特斯拉，成为出类拔萃的汽车制造商
overtake vt. 超过；赶上; （在数量或重要性方面）大于，超过；1. Nuclear energy may overtake oil as the main fuel. 核能可能会超过石油成为主要燃料。
extraordinaire adj.（用于名词后）卓越的，杰出的，非凡的；
段一
To get a sense of why Toyoda Akio announced on January 26th that he would hand over the keys to the world’s biggest carmaker to Sato Koji, his number two, watch the surreal video from 2021 of the two of them driving Toyota’s first Lexus electric vehicle (EV). Mr Toyoda is at the wheel. At first, it is clear that he is a bit of an EV sceptic: he notes that the car feels heavy to drive. Then he puts his foot to the floor, and as the speed picks up he whoops with joy like an overexcited Top Gun pilot. It is cringeworthy—but pertinent.
get a sense of 了解…；理解…；
hand over (把某事) 交给…负责；1. I wouldn't dare hand this project over to anyone else. 我可不敢将这个项目交给其他任何人负责。
surreal adj. 离奇的；怪诞的；梦幻般的；超现实的；
sceptic n. 惯持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者；
pick up speed 加速；1. reduce speed 减速；2. speed pick-up 速度检测器；
whoop vi.（因高兴或激动）高喊，喊叫；
pilot n. 飞行员；领航员；（船只的）领航员；
cringeworthy adj. 令人感到尴尬（或不舒服）的；1. It was a cringeworthy performance from start to finish. 这是一场从头到尾令人难堪的表演。
pertinent adj. 有关的；恰当的；相宜的；
参考译文
为了了解为什么丰田章男在1月26日宣布他将把世界最大汽车制造商的权力交给他的副手佐藤浩司，可以看看2021年他们两人驾驶丰田第一辆雷克萨斯电动汽车（EV）的超现实视频。丰田章男在驾驶汽车。起初，很明显，他有点怀疑电动汽车：他指出，汽车驾驶起来感觉很重。然后他把脚放在底板上，随着速度的加快，他像一个过度兴奋的《壮志凌云》飞行员一样欢呼起来。这令人尴尬，但却是恰当的。
段二
Toyota is seen by many as an EV laggard. In announcing his decision to vacate his position to Mr Sato, who is 13 years younger, the chairman-designate made clear it was time for a new generation to speed up the move into the electric era. Much of the media commentary surrounding Mr Toyoda’s move casts it as a response to Tesla. That is too Western-centric. Tesla may be the world’s biggest EV producer and, according to Elon Musk, its boss, so far ahead of the competition that he cannot see the number two with a telescope. Yet it ignores a Chinese newcomer that, for all Mr Musk’s bombast, Toyota no doubt takes as seriously as it does Tesla.
laggard n. 迟钝懒散者；迟缓者；涣散的机构；
vacate vt. 搬出，腾出，空出; 辞（职）；让（位）；
designate vt. 选定，指派，委任（某人任某职）；1. The director is allowed to designate his/her successor. 主任获准选定自己的继任人。
surround vt. 围绕，环绕；（军队，警察等）包围；与…紧密相连（或相关）；1. The shell surrounding the egg has many important functions. 鸡蛋的外壳有许多重要的功能。
cast…as… 把…描写成…；把…体现为…；1. He cast himself as the innocent victim. 他把自己描绘成无辜的受害者。
Western-centric adj. 以西方为中心的；
telescope n. 望远镜；
bombast n. 华而不实的言辞；大话；
take…seriously 认真对待；1. We take threats of this kind very seriously. 我们对这类威胁非常重视。
参考译文
丰田被许多人视为电动汽车的落后者。在丰田章男宣布决定让位给比他小13岁的佐藤浩司时，这位候任董事长明确表示，现在是新一代加速进入电动时代的时候了。围绕丰田章男此举的很多媒体评论都将其视为对特斯拉的回应。这太以西方为中心了。特斯拉可能是世界上最大的电动汽车生产商，据其老板埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）称，特斯拉在竞争中遥遥领先，以至于用望远镜都看不到排名第二的汽车生产商。然而，它忽略了一个中国新来者，尽管马斯克夸夸其谈，但丰田毫无疑问会像对待特斯拉一样认真对待这个中国新来者。
段三
It is BYD, which this year may overtake Tesla as the biggest global seller of pure EVs (not including hybrids, which it also makes). BYD is Toyota’s EV partner in China as well as a rising competitor globally. More important, it emulates many of the traits that for decades have made Toyota the world’s most successful car company.
hybrid n. 混合物；杂种；混合动力车，油电混合车；1. The music was a hybrid of Western pop and traditional folk song. 这种音乐融合了西方流行音乐和传统民歌。
emulate vt. 努力赶上；同…竞争；仿真；模仿；1. Sons are traditionally expected to emulate their fathers. 传统上认为儿子应该模仿父亲。
trait n.（人的个性的）特征，特点；1. The study found that some alcoholics had clear personality traits showing up early in childhood. 研究发现，一些酗酒者在童年早期就有明显的性格特征。
参考译文
它就是比亚迪，今年可能会超过特斯拉，成为全球最大的纯电动汽车销售商（不包括它也生产的混合动力汽车）。比亚迪是丰田在中国的电动汽车合作伙伴，也是在全球日益崛起的竞争对手。更重要的是，它模仿了丰田的许多特点，这些特点在几十年来使丰田成为世界上最成功的汽车公司。
精听党每日单词
overtake
/ˌoʊvərˈteɪk/ vt. 超过；赶上; （在数量或重要性方面）大于，超过；
extraordinaire
/ɪkˌstrɔːrdɪˈner/ adj.（用于名词后）卓越的，杰出的，非凡的；
get a sense of
了解…；理解…；
hand over
(把某事) 交给…负责；
surreal
/səˈriːəl/ adj. 离奇的；怪诞的；梦幻般的；超现实的；
sceptic
/ˈskeptɪk/ n. 惯持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者；
pick up speed
加速；
whoop
/wuːp/ vi.（因高兴或激动）高喊，喊叫；
pilot
/ˈpaɪlət/ n. 飞行员；领航员；（船只的）领航员；
cringeworthy
/ˈkrɪndʒwɜːrði/ adj. 令人感到尴尬（或不舒服）的；
pertinent
/ˈpɜːrtnənt/ adj. 有关的；恰当的；相宜的；
laggard
/ˈlæɡərd/ n. 迟钝懒散者；迟缓者；涣散的机构；
vacate
/ˈveɪkeɪt/ vt. 搬出，腾出，空出; 辞（职）；让（位）；
designate
/ˈdezɪɡneɪt/ vt. 选定，指派，委任（某人任某职）；
surround
/səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕，环绕；（军队，警察等）包围；与…紧密相连（或相关）；
cast…as…
把…描写成…；把…体现为…；
Western-centric
/ˈwestərn ˈsentrɪk/ adj. 以西方为中心的；
telescope
/ˈtelɪskoʊp/ n. 望远镜；
bombast
/ˈbɑːmbæst/ n. 华而不实的言辞；大话；
take…seriously
认真对待；
hybrid
/ˈhaɪbrɪd/ n. 混合物；杂种；混合动力车，油电混合车；
emulate
/ˈemjuleɪt/ vt. 努力赶上；同…竞争；仿真；模仿；
trait
/treɪt/ n.（人的个性的）特征，特点；
精听党文化拓展
近些年来，我国对原油的需求与日俱增，国内能源自给自足的供求格局早已被打破，每年需要进口大量原油来满足国内需要。2021年我国原油产量约为1.99亿吨，进口量则是达到了5.13亿吨，远超国内产量。而且据悉，早在2019年我国原油对外依存度便突破70%，远超了50%的国际警戒线。
在我国原油对外依存度远超国际警戒线的背景下，发展电能、氢能等其他替代能源已经上升到了国家战略高度。因此，近年来我国国家层面为了应对环保和石油危机等需求，中共中央、国务院多部门积极颁发新能源汽车相关政策，鼓励使用新能源汽车，提倡减少或放弃燃烧传统的汽油或柴油驱动内燃机。
总的来说，在我国原油高度依赖进口、能源结构转型背景下，我国新能源汽车政策持续利好，叠加近两年的“双碳目标”，再加上我国居民收入水平的提高，国内新能源汽车行业技术的进步等等，多重因素下，我国新能源汽车市场规模快速增长。根据观研报告网发布的《中国新能源汽车行业发展现状分析与投资前景研究报告（2022-2029年）》显示，2016年我国新能源汽车产销量分别为51.7万辆和50.7万辆，同比增速分别为52.06%和53.17%；截止到2021年其产销量更是分别增长至354.5万辆和352.1万辆，同比增速分别高达159.52%和157.57%。
对比2016年和2021年我国新能源汽车市场数据可以看出，其产销量可以说是从高速增长变成了超高速增长，这也说明了我国新能源汽车行业市场规模整体是呈现高速增长状态。从2017年到2021年我国新能源汽车市场规模逐年上升，根据不完全统计，2021年中国新能源汽车市场规模为6千亿元，同比增长76.5%。
精听党每日美句
Life is fine and enjoyable, yet you must learn to enjoy your fine life.
生活是美好的，但你要学会享受美好的生活。