文本选自:CNN(美国有线电视新闻网)
作者:Unknown
原文标题:Japan’s H3 rocket launch aborted after booster engine glitch
原文发布时间:17 Feb. 2023
Japan's H3 rocket launch aborted after booster engine glitch
Japan's H3 rocket, the country's first new medium-lift launcher in three decades, failed to lift off on Friday because two secondary booster engines strapped to the side of the space vehicle didn't ignite. During the live-streamed event, the H3's main engine cut off after the launch countdown had reached zero, leaving the 57-meter (187ft) rocket on its launch pad at the Tanegashima spaceport along with its payload, the ALOS-3 land observation satellite, which is also equipped with an infrared sensor designed to detect North Korean ballistic missiles.
Japan built the H3 to enhance its independent access to space and bolster its chances of capturing a bigger share of the global launch market from rivals, including Elon Musk's SpaceX. It is designed to put government and commercial satellites into orbit and ferry supplies to the International Space Station. As part of Tokyo's deepening cooperation with the United States in space, later variants will also carry cargo to the Gateway lunar space station that NASA plans to build as part of its program to return people to the moon.
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 7011.T, the H3's builder and launch manager, hopes the rocket will boost its space ambitions as SpaceX shakes up commercial launches with its reusable rockets, including the Falcon 9. A September report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies put the cost of a Falcon 9 launch to low earth orbit at $2,600 per kilogram. The equivalent price tag for H3's predecessor, the H-II, is $10,500.
日本H3火箭发射因助推器发动机故障而中止
精听党背景导读
2月17日,日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)在日本种子岛航天中心尝试发射H3火箭,由于在预发射阶段仅一级发动机正常点火,两个捆绑固体助推器未能成功点火,JAXA在火箭起飞前中止了此次发射。
文本选自:CNN(美国有线电视新闻网)作者:Unknown原文标题:Japan’s H3 rocket launch aborted after booster engine glitch原文发布时间:17 Feb. 2023关键词:火箭 发射 中止
精听党带着问题听
1.“加强”在文中有哪几种英文表达方式?2. 日本建造H3的目的有哪些?3. 如何理解第二段中的“variant”?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Japan’s H3 rocket launch aborted after booster engine glitch
日本H3火箭发射因助推器发动机故障而中止
rocket n. 火箭;火箭发动机(=rocket engine/rocket motor);1. rocket science 复杂的事;航天器学;
It's not rocket science. 这并非难事。
abort vi.(使)夭折;中止(尤指很可能失败的事情);
booster engine 助推发动机;加速发动机;
glitch n. 差错;小故障;小毛病;
段一
Japan’s H3 rocket, the country’s first new medium-lift launcher in three decades, failed to lift off on Friday because two secondary booster engines strapped to the side of the space vehicle didn’t ignite. During the live-streamed event, the H3’s main engine cut off after the launch countdown had reached zero, leaving the 57-meter (187ft) rocket on its launch pad at the Tanegashima spaceport along with its payload, the ALOS-3 land observation satellite, which is also equipped with an infrared sensor designed to detect North Korean ballistic missiles.
medium-lift launcher 中型发射器;中型发射装置;1. launcher n.(火箭、导弹等的)发射装置,发射器;
fail to do sth. 未能做某事;1. He failed to buy the house. 他没能买下这个房子。
lift off (飞机、火箭等)起飞,升空,发射;
strap vt. 用带子系(或捆、扎、扣)好;
ignite vi. 点火;点燃;
live-streamed adj. 现场直播的;1. live stream n. 现场直播;直播流媒体;
cut off 切断;中断;
countdown n. 倒计时,倒数读秒;临近时期;倒计时显示器;
ft abbr. 英尺(feet);
launch pad 发射台;1. pad n. 发射台,停机坪;
payload n.(导弹、火箭等的)有效载荷,有效负荷;
infrared sensor 红外传感器;
ballistic missile 弹道导弹;1. ballistic adj. 弹道的;射击的;2. missile n. 导弹,飞弹;
参考译文
日本的H3火箭是该国三十年来第一个新型中型发射装置,周五发射失败,因为绑在太空飞行器侧面的两个辅助助推发动机没有点火成功。在现场直播的活动中,H3的主发动机在发射倒计时达到零后被切断,留下57米(187英尺)的火箭在种子岛航天港的发射台上,连同其有效载荷,ALOS-3陆地观测卫星,这个卫星还配备了用于探测朝鲜弹道导弹的红外传感器。
段二
Japan built the H3 to enhance its independent access to space and bolster its chances of capturing a bigger share of the global launch market from rivals, including Elon Musk’s SpaceX. It is designed to put government and commercial satellites into orbit and ferry supplies to the International Space Station. As part of Tokyo’s deepening cooperation with the United States in space, later variants will also carry cargo to the Gateway lunar space station that NASA plans to build as part of its program to return people to the moon.
enhance vt. 增强,提高,改善;1. to enhance the reputation 提高声誉;
bolster vt. 增强,激励;加强;改善;1. bolster one's confidence 增强某人的信心;
capture vt. 夺取,占领;赢得;争得;
share n. 股份;份额;1. market share 市场份额;市场占有率;
ferry vt. 渡运;摆渡;运送;
variant n. 演变;变种,变形;
cargo n.(船或飞机装载的)货物;
参考译文
日本建造H3是为了增强其独立进入太空的能力,并增加其从竞争对手(包括埃隆·马斯克的SpaceX)手中夺取更大全球发射市场份额的机会。它旨在将政府和商业卫星送入轨道,并向国际空间站运送物资。作为日本与美国深化太空合作的一部分,后来的合作演变还包括将把货物运送到美国国家航空航天局(NASA)计划建造的门户月球空间站(Gateway Lunar Space Station),这是NASA让人类重返月球计划的一部分。
段三
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 7011.T, the H3’s builder and launch manager, hopes the rocket will boost its space ambitions as SpaceX shakes up commercial launches with its reusable rockets, including the Falcon 9. A September report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies put the cost of a Falcon 9 launch to low earth orbit at $2,600 per kilogram. The equivalent price tag for H3’s predecessor, the H-II, is $10,500.
boost vt. 促进;使增长,推动;1. We need a big win to boost our confidence. 我们需要一个大的胜利来增强我们的自信心。
shake up 彻底调整;重组,改革(组织、机构、行业等);
reusable adj. 可以再度使用的,可重复使用的;1. reusable shopping bag 环保购物袋;
low earth orbit 近地轨道;
equivalent adj. 相等的;等同的,等效的;
predecessor n.(被取代的)原有事物,前身;
参考译文
三菱重工(Mitsubishi Heavy Industries)7011.T是H3的制造商和发射经理,它希望该火箭将提升其太空野心,因为SpaceX公司已经用其可重复使用的火箭(包括猎鹰9号)进行商业发射。战略与国际研究中心(Center for Strategic and International Studies)9月份的一份报告称,将猎鹰9号发射到低地球轨道的成本为每公斤2600美元。H3的前身H-II的同等价格为10,500美元。
精听党每日单词
rocket
/ˈrɑːkɪt/ n. 火箭;火箭发动机(=rocket engine/rocket motor);
abort
/əˈbɔːrt/ vi.(使)夭折;中止(尤指很可能失败的事情);
booster engine
助推发动机;加速发动机;
glitch
/ɡlɪtʃ/ n. 差错;小故障;小毛病;
medium-lift launcher
中型发射器;中型发射装置;
fail to do sth.
未能做某事;
lift off
(飞机、火箭等)起飞,升空,发射;
strap
/stræp/ vt. 用带子系(或捆、扎、扣)好;
ignite
/ɪɡˈnaɪt/ vi. 点火;点燃;
live-streamed
/laɪv striːmd/ adj. 现场直播的;
cut off
切断;中断;
countdown
/ˈkaʊntdaʊn/ n. 倒计时,倒数读秒;临近时期;倒计时显示器;
ft
abbr. 英尺(feet);
launch pad
发射台;
payload
/ˈpeɪloʊd/ n.(导弹、火箭等的)有效载荷,有效负荷;
infrared sensor
红外传感器;
ballistic missile
弹道导弹;
enhance
/ɪnˈhæns/ vt. 增强,提高,改善;
bolster
/ˈboʊlstər/ vt. 增强,激励;加强;改善;
capture
/ˈkæptʃər/ vt. 夺取,占领;赢得;争得;
share
/ʃer/ n. 股份;份额;
ferry
/ˈferi/ vt. 渡运;摆渡;运送;
variant
/ˈveriənt/ n. 演变;变种,变形;
cargo
/ˈkɑːrɡoʊ/ n.(船或飞机装载的)货物;
boost
/buːst/ vt. 促进;使增长,推动;
shake up
彻底调整;重组,改革(组织、机构、行业等);
reusable
/ˌriːˈjuːzəbl/ adj. 可以再度使用的,可重复使用的;
low earth orbit
近地轨道;
equivalent
/ɪˈkwɪvələnt/ adj. 相等的;等同的,等效的;
predecessor
/ˈpredəsesər/ n.(被取代的)原有事物,前身;
精听党文化拓展
H3火箭是JAXA和三菱重工联合研制的新型两级固液混合火箭,共四个构型,一级可配置2个或3个LE-9液氢液氧发动机,可捆绑0、2或4个SRB-3固体助推器,二级配置1台LE-5B-3液氢液氧发动机,可根据载荷尺寸、质量和轨道要求配置两种尺寸的整流罩。单台LE-9发动机真空推力1471 kN、单个SRB-3助推器推力2158 kN,单台LE-5B-3发动机推力137kN。
H3火箭太阳同步轨道最低运力4吨,地球同步转移轨道最高运力6.5吨,将用来替代H2A和H2B火箭。H2A火箭是日本现役运力最大的火箭,太阳同步轨道最小运力3.8吨,地球同步转移轨道最大运力4吨。H3火箭不仅可以提供比H2A火箭范围更广、更大的运力,还通过广泛应用汽车行业商用货架产品大幅降低成本,选型灵活还支持缩短发射服务准备周期。
H3火箭对保障日本自主航天发射能力和竞争国际发射服务市场份额具有重要意义,其后续升级型号还将为美国发起的月球探测门户计划提供货运服务。尽管H3火箭是不可回收复用的一次性火箭,JAXA和三菱公司还是希望H3火箭具备与猎鹰9火箭竞争的能力。三菱重工已经于2018年从国际移动卫星公司拿到了H3火箭首次商业发射服务的合同。
精听党每日美句
Bad luck often brings good luck.
塞翁失马,安知非福。