文本选自:Yahoo News(雅虎新闻)
作者:Marc Sternfield
原文标题:Invasive flies threaten to decimate California agriculture industry
原文发布时间:28 Oct. 2023
Invasive flies threaten to decimate California agriculture industry
Agriculture officials sounded the alarm on Friday after two Queensland fruit flies were found in Ventura County, marking at least the third discovery of invasive and destructive fruit flies in the Los Angeles area in recent months. A 76 square mile area was placed under quarantine on Oct. 23 after the Queensland flies were found in a residential area of Thousand Oaks, according to the California Department of Food and Agriculture. It is the first official quarantine in North America due to the pest which, as the name implies, is native to Queensland, Australia.
Residents inside the quarantine zone are urged to not move fruits or vegetables from their properties and to dispose of any green waste by double-bagging in plastic bags before placing it in the trash. "California is facing an agricultural crisis, " Ventura County Agricultural Commissioner Korrine Bell said at a news briefing Friday. "There's been an unprecedented outbreak of fruit flies throughout the state." Experts say fruit flies have the potential to decimate California's agriculture industry. The females lay eggs in fruits and vegetables which hatch as maggots and tunnel through crops, leaving them inedible.
"What's at stake if this fruit fly continues to spread is over $2 billion in economic activity, agri-tourism, 25,000 jobs … and 6,000 indirect jobs, " warned Maureen McGuire, CEO of the Ventura County Farm Bureau. In July, a large section of the Santa Clarita Valley was placed under quarantine after more than 20 invasive Tau fruit flies were detected in the Stevenson Ranch area.
入侵苍蝇威胁要毁灭加州农业
精听党背景导读
洛杉矶即将投放数百万只果蝇,以对抗出现在该地区的入侵物种。
加州食品和农业部(CDFA)在该地区发现了两只野生地中海果蝇后,便产生了“以毒攻毒”的想法。官员们设立了一个69平方英里的检疫隔离区,覆盖了洛杉矶中部、Culver城和洛杉矶南部的部分地区。
文本选自:Yahoo News(雅虎新闻)作者:Marc Sternfield原文标题:Invasive flies threaten to decimate California agriculture industry原文发布时间:28 Oct. 2023关键词:苍蝇 加州 外来物种
精听党带着问题听
1.“敲响警钟”用英语可以如何表达?2. 如何理解第二段的“dispose of”?3. 如果这种果蝇继续蔓延,将造成什么灾害?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Invasive flies threaten to decimate California agriculture industry
入侵苍蝇威胁要毁灭加州农业
invasive adj. 扩散性的,侵入的;
fly n. 苍蝇;
decimate vt. 大批杀害,大量毁灭;大大削弱,使…严重失效;1. The pollution could decimate the river's thriving population of kingfishers. 污染可能大量毁灭在这条河茁壮成长的翠鸟群。
段一
Agriculture officials sounded the alarm on Friday after two Queensland fruit flies were found in Ventura County, marking at least the third discovery of invasive and destructive fruit flies in the Los Angeles area in recent months. A 76 square mile area was placed under quarantine on Oct. 23 after the Queensland flies were found in a residential area of Thousand Oaks, according to the California Department of Food and Agriculture. It is the first official quarantine in North America due to the pest which, as the name implies, is native to Queensland, Australia.
sound the alarm 发出警报;敲响警钟;1. The government needs to sound the alarm about the potential dangers of climate change. 政府需要就气候变化的潜在危险发出警报。
mark vt. 标志(重要事件或时刻);(特征,特点)标志,表明区别;
destructive adj. 破坏性的,毁灭性的;1. destructive power 破坏力;
square mile 平方英里;
quarantine n. 隔离期,检疫期;隔离,检疫;
Queensland n. 昆士兰(澳大利亚州);
residential adj. 住宅区的,居民区的 ;家庭的,住宅的;1. resident n. 居民,住户;
pest n. 害虫,有害动物;
imply vi. 暗示,暗指;意味着;
be native to 原产于…;源于…的;
参考译文
周五,在文图拉县发现两只昆士兰果蝇后,农业官员发出了警告,这标志着近几个月来在洛杉矶地区至少第三次发现入侵的破坏性果蝇。据加州食品和农业部(California Department of Food and Agriculture)称,10月23日,在千橡市(Thousand Oaks)的一个居民区发现昆士兰苍蝇后,一片76平方英里的区域被隔离。这是北美首次因为这种害虫的正式隔离,这种害虫,顾名思义,原产于澳大利亚昆士兰州。
段二
Residents inside the quarantine zone are urged to not move fruits or vegetables from their properties and to dispose of any green waste by double-bagging in plastic bags before placing it in the trash. “California is facing an agricultural crisis,” Ventura County Agricultural Commissioner Korrine Bell said at a news briefing Friday. “There’s been an unprecedented outbreak of fruit flies throughout the state.” Experts say fruit flies have the potential to decimate California’s agriculture industry. The females lay eggs in fruits and vegetables which hatch as maggots and tunnel through crops, leaving them inedible.
urge vt. 敦促,催促,力劝;竭力主张,强烈要求;
property n. 所有物,财产;地产,房地产;
dispose of 处理;解决;清除;1. the safest means of disposing of nuclear waste 丢弃核废料最安全的方法;
green waste 绿色垃圾;
trash n. 垃圾,废物;<美>垃圾桶;
news briefing 新闻发布会;
unprecedented adj. 前所未有的,史无前例的;(大小、数量、程度等)前所未知的,空前的;1. The mission has been hailed as an unprecedented success. 这次使命已被宣布为一次空前的成功。
outbreak n.(战争、疾病、暴力等的)爆发,突然发生;1. His death set in motion a train of events that led to the outbreak of war. 他的死引发了一系列的事件,从而导致了战争的爆发。
potential n.(事物的)潜力,可能性;
hatch vi. 孵化,孵出;
maggot n. [无脊椎] 蛆;空想,狂想;
tunnel vi. 开凿隧道,挖地道;(物理)(粒子)穿透势垒,隧(道贯)穿;
inedible adj. 不能吃的,不宜食用的;
参考译文
在隔离区内的居民被敦促不要将水果或蔬菜从他们的家中移走,并在将任何绿色废物放入垃圾桶之前,将其放入双层塑料袋中。文图拉县农业专员Korrine Bell在周五的新闻发布会上说:“加州正面临农业危机。整个加州爆发了前所未有的果蝇疫情。”专家表示,果蝇有可能摧毁加州的农业。雌性果蝇在水果和蔬菜中产卵,这些卵孵化成蛆,在庄稼里穿孔,使它们无法食用。
段三
“What’s at stake if this fruit fly continues to spread is over $2 billion in economic activity, agri-tourism, 25,000 jobs … and 6,000 indirect jobs,” warned Maureen McGuire, CEO of the Ventura County Farm Bureau. In July, a large section of the Santa Clarita Valley was placed under quarantine after more than 20 invasive Tau fruit flies were detected in the Stevenson Ranch area.
at stake 濒临险境,处于危险境地;
spread vi. 扩散,蔓延;传播,传染;散布,(使)流传;
Ventura County 文图拉县;
Farm Bureau 农场局;
valley n. 山谷;流域;溪谷;
ranch n.(尤指饲养牛、马、羊等的)大农场,大牧场;
参考译文
文图拉县农业局首席执行官莫林·麦圭尔警告如此警告说:“如果这种果蝇继续蔓延,将危及超过20亿美元的经济活动、农业旅游、25000个工作岗位…以及6000个间接就业机会。”7月,在史蒂文森牧场地区发现20多只入侵的Tau果蝇后,圣塔克拉利塔山谷的大部分地区被隔离。
精听党每日单词
invasive
/ɪnˈveɪsɪv/ adj. 扩散性的,侵入的;
fly
/flaɪ/ n. 苍蝇;
decimate
/ˈdesɪmeɪt/ vt. 大批杀害,大量毁灭;大大削弱,使…严重失效;
sound the alarm
发出警报;敲响警钟;
mark
/mɑːrk/ vt. 标志(重要事件或时刻);(特征,特点)标志,表明区别;
destructive
/dɪˈstrʌktɪv/ adj. 破坏性的,毁灭性的;
square mile
平方英里;
quarantine
/ˈkwɔːrəntiːn/ n. 隔离期,检疫期;隔离,检疫;
Queensland
/ˈkwinzlənd/ n. 昆士兰(澳大利亚州);
residential
/ˌrezɪˈdenʃ(ə)l/ adj. 住宅区的,居民区的 ;家庭的,住宅的;
pest
/pest/ n. 害虫,有害动物;
imply
/ɪmˈplaɪ/ vi. 暗示,暗指;意味着;
be native to
原产于…;源于…的;
urge
/ɜːrdʒ/ vt. 敦促,催促,力劝;竭力主张,强烈要求;
property
/ˈprɑːpərti/ n. 所有物,财产;地产,房地产;
dispose of
处理;解决;清除;
green waste
绿色垃圾;
trash
/træʃ/ n. 垃圾,废物;<美>垃圾桶;
news briefing
新闻发布会;
unprecedented
/ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/ adj. 前所未有的,史无前例的;(大小、数量、程度等)前所未知的,空前的;
outbreak
/ˈaʊtbreɪk/ n.(战争、疾病、暴力等的)爆发,突然发生;
potential
n.(事物的)潜力,可能性;
hatch
/hætʃ/ vi. 孵化,孵出;
maggot
/ˈmæɡət/ n. [无脊椎] 蛆;空想,狂想;
tunnel
/ˈtʌn(ə)l/ vi. 开凿隧道,挖地道;(物理)(粒子)穿透势垒,隧(道贯)穿;
inedible
/ɪnˈedəb(ə)l/ adj. 不能吃的,不宜食用的;
at stake
濒临险境,处于危险境地;
spread
/spred/ vi. 扩散,蔓延;传播,传染;散布,(使)流传;
Ventura County
文图拉县;
Farm Bureau
农场局;
valley
/ˈvæli/ n. 山谷;流域;溪谷;
ranch
/ræntʃ/ n.(尤指饲养牛、马、羊等的)大农场,大牧场;
精听党文化拓展
在每个地区,自然及农业生态系统是经过长期进化形成的,系统中的物种经过成百上千年的竞争、排斥、适应和互利互助,才形成了现在相互依赖又互相制约的密切关系。当一个外来物种引入后,有可能因不能适应新环境而被排斥在系统之外;也有可能因新的环境中没有相抗衡或制约它的生物,这个引进种可能成为真正的入侵者,打破平衡,改变或破坏当地的生态环境、严重破坏生物多样性。
自然界中的物种总是处在不断迁移、扩散的动态中。而人类活动的频繁又进一步加剧了物种的扩散,使得许多生物得以突破地理隔绝,拓展至其他环境当中。对于此类原来在当地没有自然分布,因为迁移扩散、人为活动等因素出现在其自然分布范围之外的物种,统称为外来种。在外来种中,一部分物种是因为其用途,被人类有意地将其从一个地方引进到另外一个地方,这些物种被称为引入种,如加州蜜李、美国樱桃、野生大豆等。这些物种大多需要在人为照管下才能生存,对环境并没有危害。
然而,在外来种(包括引入种)中,也有一些在移入后逸散到环境中成为野生状态。若新环境没有天敌的控制,加上旺盛的繁殖力和强大的竞争力,外来种就会变成入侵者,排挤环境中的原生种,破坏当地生态平衡,甚至造成对人类经济的危害性影响。此类产生危害的外来种则通称为入侵种,如红火蚁、福寿螺、布袋莲、非洲大蜗牛、巴西龟、松材线虫等。
精听党每日美句
"Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful." - Albert Schweitzer
“成功不是快乐的钥匙,快乐才是成功的钥匙。如果你热爱你在做的事,你就会成功。”——阿尔伯特·施韦策