文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)
作者:Unknown
原文标题:Lessons from finance’s experience with artificial intelligence
原文发布时间:11 Mar. 2023
Lessons from finance's experience with artificial intelligence
Who are the earliest adopters of new technologies? Cutting-edge stuff tends to be expensive, meaning the answer is often the extremely rich. Early adopters also tend to be incentivised by cut-throat competition to look beyond the status quo. As such, there may be no group more likely to pick up new tools than the uber-rich and hyper-competitive hedge-fund industry.
This rule appears to hold for artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, which were first employed by hedge funds decades ago, well before the recent hype. First came the "quants", or quantitative investors, who use data and algorithms to pick stocks and place short-term bets on which assets will rise and fall. Two Sigma, a quant fund in New York, has been experimenting with these techniques since its founding in 2001. Man Group, a British outfit with a big quant arm, launched its first machine-learning fund in 2014. AQR Capital Management, from Greenwich, Connecticut, began using AI at around the same time. Then came the rest of the industry. The hedge funds' experience demonstrates AI's ability to revolutionise business—but also shows that it takes time to do so, and that progress can be interrupted.
AI and machine-learning funds seemed like the final step in the march of the robots. Cheap index funds, with stocks picked by algorithms, had already swelled in size, with assets under management eclipsing those of traditional active funds in 2019.
金融业在人工智能方面的经验
精听党背景导读
金融行业一直是各种风险和挑战交织的行业,如何提供更加精准和高效的风控和信贷服务,一直是金融企业需要解决的难题。而ChatGPT人工智能聊天机器人,正成为金融企业实现更高效风控和信贷的利器。
通过ChatGPT人工智能聊天机器人的应用,金融企业可以快速分析潜在客户的信誉、信用风险和借款偿还能力等关键因素,并为企业提供更加科学和准确的信贷评估和预测分析,助力企业做出更明智的信贷决策。
不仅如此,ChatGPT人工智能聊天机器人还可以实现风险监测和警报,及时发现和处理企业风险和异常情况,为企业提供更加贴心和有效的风险管理和防范措施,让企业更加稳健和可持续发展。
文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)作者:Unknown原文标题:Lessons from finance’s experience with artificial intelligence原文发布时间:11 Mar. 2023关键词:金融 经验 人工智能
精听党带着问题听
1. 谁会是最早采用新技术的人?2. 如何理解第三段中的“the march of”?3.“被动型基金”用英语可以怎么表达?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Lessons from finance’s experience with artificial intelligence
金融业在人工智能方面的经验
lesson n. 经验,教训;
artificial intelligence 人工智能;1. artificial adj. 人造的,人工的;2. intelligence n. 智力,才智;智能;
段一
Who are the earliest adopters of new technologies? Cutting-edge stuff tends to be expensive, meaning the answer is often the extremely rich. Early adopters also tend to be incentivised by cut-throat competition to look beyond the status quo. As such, there may be no group more likely to pick up new tools than the uber-rich and hyper-competitive hedge-fund industry.
cutting-edge adj. 领先的;
incentivise vt. 激励;1. incentive n. 激励;刺激;鼓励;
cut-throat adj. 竞争激烈的;残酷无情的;不公的;1. the cut-throat world of politics 斗得你死我活的政界;
status quo 现状;原来的状况;1. to defend/restore the status quo 维持现状/恢复原来的状况;
as such 从字面意义看;严格说来;1. The new job is not a promotion as such, but it has good prospects. 担任这一新的职务算不上是真正的提职,不过有美好的前途。
pick up (偶然)得到,听到,学会;1. She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico. 她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。
uber-rich adj. 极富的;1. uber- 最好的;超级的;
hyper- 过度;过多;1. hyper-competitive adj. 高度竞争的;2. hypertension n. 高血压;
hedge-fund 对冲基金;
参考译文
谁是最早采用新技术的人?尖端的东西往往很昂贵,这意味着往往是极其富有的人最早采用新技术。早期采用新技术的人也往往受到残酷竞争的激励,希望看到超越现状的东西。因此,可能没有哪个群体比超级富豪和竞争激烈的对冲基金行业更有可能掌握新工具了。
段二
This rule appears to hold for artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, which were first employed by hedge funds decades ago, well before the recent hype. First came the “quants”, or quantitative investors, who use data and algorithms to pick stocks and place short-term bets on which assets will rise and fall. Two Sigma, a quant fund in New York, has been experimenting with these techniques since its founding in 2001. Man Group, a British outfit with a big quant arm, launched its first machine-learning fund in 2014. AQR Capital Management, from Greenwich, Connecticut, began using AI at around the same time. Then came the rest of the industry. The hedge funds’ experience demonstrates AI’s ability to revolutionise business—but also shows that it takes time to do so, and that progress can be interrupted.
hold for 适用;1. These laws also hold for universities. 这些法律同样适用于大学。
hype n. 大肆的宣传广告,炒作;(为做广告而进行的)欺骗;
quant n. 量化分析专家;
quantitative adj. 数量的,量化的,定量的;
algorithm n.(尤指计算机)算法,运算法则;
founding n.(组织、公司、学校等的)创建,创办;
outfit n. 团队;小组;分队; (协同工作的)一组人(例如乐队、公司);1. a market research outfit 市场调查组;
arm n. 部门;分部;
revolutionise vt. 彻底改变;完全变革;1. Aerial photography has revolutionized the study of archaeology. 航空摄影已经给考古学研究带来了一场革命。
interrupt vt. 使暂停;使中断;1. The game was interrupted several times by rain. 比赛因下雨中断了几次。
参考译文
这条规则似乎适用于人工智能和机器学习,对冲基金几十年前就开始使用人工智能和机器学习,远早于最近对人工智能的炒作。首先出现的是“量化分析专家”,或量化投资者,他们利用数据和算法挑选股票,并对哪些资产会上涨或下跌进行短期押注。纽约的量化基金Two Sigma自2001年成立以来一直在试验这些技术。一家拥有庞大量化分析业务的英国机构——英国曼氏集团在2014年推出了首只机器学习基金。来自康涅狄格州格林威治的AQR资本管理公司大约在同一时间开始使用人工智能。然后是该行业的其他公司开始使用人工智能。对冲基金的经历证明了人工智能革新商业的能力——但也表明做到这点是需要时间的,而且发展进程可能会中断。
段三
AI and machine-learning funds seemed like the final step in the march of the robots. Cheap index funds, with stocks picked by algorithms, had already swelled in size, with assets under management eclipsing those of traditional active funds in 2019.
the march of 稳步的发展或前进;1. the march of technology/time 技术的稳步提高/时光的推移;
swell vi.(使)增加,增大,扩大;
eclipse vt. 遮住…的光; 使黯然失色;使相形见绌;1. overshadow v. 使显得逊色;使黯然失色;2. Though a talented player, he was eclipsed by his brother. 他虽是一个天才的运动员,但与他的兄弟相比就黯然失色了。
active fund 主动型基金;1. passive fund 被动型基金;
参考译文
人工智能和机器学习基金似乎是机器人稳步发展的最后一步。由算法挑选股票的廉价指数基金的规模已经扩大,其管理的资产在2019年超过了传统的主动型基金。
精听党每日单词
lesson
/ˈles(ə)n/ n. 经验,教训;
artificial intelligence
人工智能;
cutting-edge
/ˌkʌtɪŋ ˈedʒ/ adj. 领先的;
incentivise
/ɪnˈsentɪvaɪz/ vt. 激励;
cut-throat
/ˈkʌt θroʊt/ adj. 竞争激烈的;残酷无情的;不公的;
status quo
现状;原来的状况;
as such
从字面意义看;严格说来;
pick up
(偶然)得到,听到,学会;
uber-rich
/ˈuːbər rɪtʃ/ adj. 极富的;
hyper-
过度;过多;
hedge-fund
/ˈhedʒ fʌnd/ 对冲基金;
hold for
适用;
hype
/haɪp/ n. 大肆的宣传广告,炒作;(为做广告而进行的)欺骗;
quant
/kwɑːnt/ n. 量化分析专家;
quantitative
/ˈkwɑːntəteɪtɪv/ adj. 数量的,量化的,定量的;
algorithm
/ˈælɡərɪðəm/ n.(尤指计算机)算法,运算法则;
founding
/ˈfaʊndɪŋ/ n.(组织、公司、学校等的)创建,创办;
outfit
/ˈaʊtfɪt/ n. 团队;小组;分队; (协同工作的)一组人(例如乐队、公司);
arm
/ɑːrm/ n. 部门;分部;
revolutionise
/ˌrevəˈljuːʃənaɪz/ vt. 彻底改变;完全变革;
interrupt
/ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ vt. 使暂停;使中断;
the march of
稳步的发展或前进;
swell
/swel/ vi.(使)增加,增大,扩大;
eclipse
/ɪˈklɪps/ vt. 遮住…的光; 使黯然失色;使相形见绌;
active fund
主动型基金;
精听党文化拓展
目前,优秀的人工智能领域人才在全球范围内都处于供不应求的状态,因此他们往往也拥有着更高的议价权和竞争力,入职时通常都伴随着高额的年薪、丰厚的股份以及较高的职级或发展空间。“截至2023年2月18日,实习僧平台涉及人工智能的实习、校招岗位相较于去年同期,增长了约13.71%。”2022年是人工智能的爆发年,延续到2023年,ChatGPT的逆势看涨,更是让人工智能风头强劲。先不论是否有行业要集体失业,从最近职业招聘网站的职业岗位投放情况,亦可见微知著。
2月20日,封面新闻对话了国内实习、校招、招聘领域头部平台——实习僧CEO曾舒煜。在他看来,人工智能的爆发,意味着新一轮的行业洗牌和产业技术升级即将到来,这是挑战,但更多的是新的机会。他认为,高校应该开拓布局更多“传统+AI”的应用型专业,诸如金融科技、智能医学、智慧农业、智能制造、数据警务技术等专业方向。
曾舒煜介绍,2023年,在人工智能领域还出现了不少新的岗位。包括图形系统研发、人工智能产品经理、游戏AI、虚拟人短视频制作、手语AI等,38.5%都需要求职者拥有硕士及以上学历,远高于其他行业平均水平。“相较于此前,今年以来新增的岗位大多更侧重于人工智能的具体应用领域,这也是许多企业所急需的。”
除了高级研发、专家岗位外,大多数岗位的需求更看重求职者的专业背景,对于求职者的工作年限、经验的要求相对宽松,通常为1—3年,甚至无工作年限要求。“一方面,是因为当前相关人才供不应求,倒逼企业下调对工作年限和经验的要求,另一方面,也与实习僧平台更多聚焦于校园招聘领域有一定关系。” 曾舒煜分析。
他预测,从就业市场的需求端来看,未来机器训练师、AI工程师、AI测试员和测试主管、计算机视觉和模式识别、AI类应用的产品经理、人工智能相关的法律、政策、伦理等方面的风控岗位,在相当长的一段时间内都会比较抢手。
精听党每日美句
Life is a great big canvas, and you should throw all the paint on it you can.
人生是一幅大画布,你应该努力绘出绚丽多彩的画面。