文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)
作者:Unknown
原文标题:Readers in the West are embracing Japan’s bold women authors
原文发布时间:2 May 2023
Readers in the West are embracing Japan's bold women authors
Murata Sayaka has long kept company with imaginary friends. She first conjured them up as a child, while enduring bullying at school and hectoring at home. Her parents forced her to practise cooking and encouraged "girlie" behaviour, thinking that would one day help attract a rich husband. "I didn't feel like my body, my life, belonged to me," Ms Murata says. She dreamed of flying away, on a spaceship with her fantastical companions, to a planet where she would belong.
Throughout her fiction, Ms Murata questions what it means to be "normal" and writes sceptically about family life. Her work has struck a chord in Japan, her conservative home country. Her semi-autobiographical novel, "Convenience Store Woman", won the prestigious Akutagawa literary prize in 2016. It has since been translated into more than 30 languages and sold over 1.5m copies.
Ms Murata's work has helped usher in a new era of Japanese literature in translation. "Convenience Store Woman" came out in English in 2018 and its feminist undertones may have resonated amid the #MeToo movement, thinks Ginny Tapley Takemori, its translator. In 2020 "Breasts and Eggs", a novel about pregnancy and beauty standards by Kawakami Mieko, another female Japanese author, also became an international bestseller. "Publishers used to ask for the next Haruki Murakami, " says David Boyd, a translator who has worked on Ms Kawakami's books. "Now they ask: What's going to be the next 'Convenience Store Woman'?"
日本大胆女作家受到西方读者拥戴
精听党背景导读
自2003年出道以来,日本作家村田沙耶香曾获群像新人文学奖优秀奖、野间文艺新人奖、三岛由纪夫新人奖,2016年更是凭借基于在便利店打工经历创作的现象级小说《人间便利店》获第155届芥川奖,光是日本本土销量就突破百万册。此后她的作品在全球30多个国家翻译出版,获选《时尚》杂志2016年“年度女性”。作为职业作家的18年间,她陆续出版了10多本小说,发表众多中短篇小说和随笔。
文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)作者:Unknown原文标题:Readers in the West are embracing Japan’s bold women authors原文发布时间:2 May 2023关键词:美国 女作家 独立
精听党带着问题听
1. 如何理解第一段中的“conjure”?2.“引起共鸣”用英语可以怎么表达?3. 在过去,出版商青睐哪一类作家?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Readers in the West are embracing Japan’s bold women authors
日本大胆女作家受到西方读者拥戴
embrace vt. 拥抱;欣然接受,乐意采纳;包括,涉及;围绕,环绕;1. to embrace challenges 接受挑战;迎接挑战;2. He embraces the new information age. 他欢迎新的信息时代。
bold adj. 大胆自信的,敢于冒险的;冒失的,鲁莽的;
段一
Murata Sayaka has long kept company with imaginary friends. She first conjured them up as a child, while enduring bullying at school and hectoring at home. Her parents forced her to practise cooking and encouraged “girlie” behaviour, thinking that would one day help attract a rich husband. “I didn’t feel like my body, my life, belonged to me,” Ms Murata says. She dreamed of flying away, on a spaceship with her fantastical companions, to a planet where she would belong.
keep company with 与…结交,与…作伴,与…交朋友;与…为伍;1. He who keeps company with a wolf will learn to howl. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
imaginary friends 假想朋友;
conjure vi. 变魔术,使…变戏法般地出现(或消失);想象出,设想出;使浮现于脑海,使想起;1. conjure up 想起,使在脑海中显现;用魔法召唤;
to conjure up an image of sth. 脑海中浮现某事物的样子;The painting on the wall conjures up images of the romantic era. 墙上的画让人想起浪漫主义时代的样子。
endure vt. 持续存在,持久;忍受,忍耐;
bullying n. 恃强欺弱的行为;1. school bullying 校园霸凌;校园欺凌;2. workplace bullying 职场霸凌;
hector vi. 威吓;虚张声势;神气十足地走;
girlie adj. 适合少女的;像姑娘一样的;
belong vi. 适应,合得来;归…所有;是…的成员,属于(某团体或组织);1. belong to 属于;附属;归属;归于;
dream of 梦想;梦见;
spaceship n.(尤指小说中的)宇宙飞船;
fantastical adj. 奇异的,虚构的;
companion n. 同伴,伴侣;1. travelling companions 旅行的同伴;
参考译文
村田沙耶香长期以来一直与假想朋友相依为伴。她最开始幻想这些朋友时还是个孩子,那时的她要忍受在学校被欺凌,在家里受到恐吓。她的父母强迫她练习烹饪,并鼓励她行为举止要表现出“女人味”,认为这样可能有一天会吸引到一个有钱的丈夫。村田女士说:“我不觉得我的身体、我的生活属于我。”她梦想和假想朋友们一起乘宇宙飞船去到一个属于她的星球上。
段二
Throughout her fiction, Ms Murata questions what it means to be “normal” and writes sceptically about family life. Her work has struck a chord in Japan, her conservative home country. Her semi-autobiographical novel, “Convenience Store Woman”, won the prestigious Akutagawa literary prize in 2016. It has since been translated into more than 30 languages and sold over 1.5m copies.
throughout prep. 遍及,到处;自始至终,贯穿整个时期;1. throughout the year 一年四季;一年到头;
sceptically adv. 怀疑地;
chord n. 和弦,和音;弦;心弦;1. strike a chord 触动心弦,引起共鸣;
conservative adj. 保守的;保守派的,保守主义的(认为政府应该实行政治保守主义);
home country 祖国;原籍国;
semi-autobiographical adj. 半自传体的;1. semi- pref. 一半的;部分的;不完全的;2. biographical adj. 传记的,生平的;3. autobiographical adj. 自传的,自传体的;
prestigious adj. 受尊敬的, 有声望的, 有威信的;
Akutagawa n.(美、巴、法)芥川(姓氏);
copy n. 一本,一册,一份;复印件,副本;
参考译文
在她的小说中,村田女士问道何为做“正常人”,并对家庭生活持怀疑态度。她的作品在其保守的祖国日本引起了共鸣。2016年,她的半自传体小说《人间便利店》获得了久负盛名的芥川文学奖。该书被翻译成30多种语言,销量超过150万册。
段三
Ms Murata’s work has helped usher in a new era of Japanese literature in translation. “Convenience Store Woman” came out in English in 2018 and its feminist undertones may have resonated amid the #MeToo movement, thinks Ginny Tapley Takemori, its translator. In 2020 “Breasts and Eggs”, a novel about pregnancy and beauty standards by Kawakami Mieko, another female Japanese author, also became an international bestseller. “Publishers used to ask for the next Haruki Murakami,” says David Boyd, a translator who has worked on Ms Kawakami’s books. “Now they ask: What’s going to be the next ‘Convenience Store Woman’?”
usher in 引领;领进,引进;1. The railways ushered in an era of cheap mass travel. 铁路系统开启了廉价的大众旅行时代。
era n. 时代,年代,纪元;1. the contemporary era 当代;
feminist adj. 女权主义的,支持女权运动的;
undertone n. 蕴涵的感情(或特质、意思);寓意;弦外之音;1. The music has classical undertones. 这音乐有着古典的味道。
resonate vi. 发出回响,回荡;充满,弥漫(某种特质);引起共鸣;1. to resonate with someone 与某人产生共鸣;
What you say does not resonate with me. 你说的话不能引起我的共鸣。
amid prep. 在…过程中,在…中;四周是,被…所环绕;
bestseller n. 畅销书;畅销唱片;
ask for 请求,要求;寻找;
Haruki Murakami 村上春树;
work on 影响,对…起作用;继续工作;从事于…;设法说服;
参考译文
村田女士的作品帮助日本开创文学翻译的新时代。英文版《人间便利店》于2018年出版,其译者金妮·塔普利·武莫里(Ginny tappley Takemori)认为,其女权主义色彩可能在#MeToo运动时期引起了共鸣。2020年,另一位日本女作家川上未映子关于怀孕和审美标准的小说《乳与卵》也成为了国际畅销书。曾为川上女士做过图书翻译的戴维·博伊德(David Boyd)说:“出版商过去一直在寻找下一个村上春树。现在他们会问:下一本像《人间便利店》的书会是什么?”
精听党每日单词
embrace
/ɪmˈbreɪs/ vt. 拥抱;欣然接受,乐意采纳;包括,涉及;围绕,环绕;
bold
/boʊld/ adj. 大胆自信的,敢于冒险的;冒失的,鲁莽的;
keep company with
与…结交,与…作伴,与…交朋友;与…为伍;
imaginary friends
假想朋友;
conjure
/ˈkɑːndʒər/ vi. 变魔术,使…变戏法般地出现(或消失);想象出,设想出;使浮现于脑海,使想起;
endure
/ɪnˈdʊr/ vt. 持续存在,持久;忍受,忍耐;
bullying
/ˈbʊliɪŋ/ n. 恃强欺弱的行为;
hector
/ˈhektər/ vi. 威吓;虚张声势;神气十足地走;
girlie
/ˈɡɜːrli/ adj. 适合少女的;像姑娘一样的;
belong
/bɪˈlɔːŋ/ vi. 适应,合得来;归…所有;是…的成员,属于(某团体或组织);
dream of
梦想;梦见;
spaceship
/ˈspeɪsʃɪp/ n.(尤指小说中的)宇宙飞船;
fantastical
/fænˈtæstɪkəl/ adj. 奇异的,虚构的;
companion
/kəmˈpænjən/ n. 同伴,伴侣;
throughout
/θruːˈaʊt/ prep. 遍及,到处;自始至终,贯穿整个时期;
sceptically
/ˈskeptɪkli/ adv. 怀疑地;
chord
/kɔːrd/ n. 和弦,和音;弦;心弦;
conservative
/kənˈsɜːrvətɪv/ adj. 保守的;保守派的,保守主义的(认为政府应该实行政治保守主义);
home country
祖国;原籍国;
semi-autobiographical
/ˈsemi ˌɔːtəˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkl/ adj. 半自传体的;
prestigious
/preˈstiːdʒəs/ adj. 受尊敬的, 有声望的, 有威信的;
Akutagawa
n.(美、巴、法)芥川(姓氏);
copy
/ˈkɑːpi/ n. 一本,一册,一份;复印件,副本;
usher in
引领;领进,引进;
era
/ˈɪrə/ n. 时代,年代,纪元;
feminist
/ˈfemənɪst/ adj. 女权主义的,支持女权运动的;
undertone
/ˈʌndərtoʊn/ n. 蕴涵的感情(或特质、意思);寓意;弦外之音;
resonate
/ˈrezəneɪt/ vi. 发出回响,回荡;充满,弥漫(某种特质);引起共鸣;
amid
/əˈmɪd/ prep. 在…过程中,在…中;四周是,被…所环绕;
bestseller
/ˌbestˈselər/ n. 畅销书;畅销唱片;
ask for
请求,要求;寻找;
Haruki Murakami
村上春树;
work on
影响,对…起作用;继续工作;从事于…;设法说服;
精听党文化拓展
村田沙耶香曾表示,作家是单独作业的职业,而便利店则是她与现实唯一的连结,并声称为了写作才在便利店打工,若只单纯在家写小说,反而写不出来。“喜欢她的写作,不仅仅是因为她那么坦然地与身体对话,更是用一种很敏锐的通感,触及欲望与爱的另一种呈像。村田沙耶香能从日本人的生死观,去想象新的生命样式,打破人畜的界限,打破人与物的边界,甚至以大胆的怪趣味重组生气勃勃的女性世界乃至异世界。”孙孟晋评价,村田沙耶香铺垫了很多日常生活,但她随时都会进入汹涌又隐秘的疯狂。她试图对当代人的处境作出夸张的假设,这种视野是奇特的。她其实是用性来写人类的未来。
在《生命式》故事中村田沙耶香虚构了一个未来的日本,随着人口不断减少,人们把葬礼改造成了享受生命的仪式,借着逝去人的生命来激发活着的人生产新生命的激情,其实是将死亡和新生重新整合在一起。“村田沙耶香的小说本体还是关注生命,用别的角度、别的方式都是在关照生命本身,这是她写作很核心的部分。”孙孟晋评价:村田沙耶香的文字有种独特的美感,仿佛“把所有的感官都打开了”。比如《夏夜的吻》,菊枝和芳子把吃蕨粉糕的感受描绘成和人亲吻时的感受。
“有时,人设是我们给自己设定的,或是别人强加的。仔细想想,这形成了有点荒诞的人际关系微妙的地方。我们都疲于维持人设,但同时我们也需要这个人设,这也是孙孟晋提到的‘度’的问题。”《生命式》虽延续《人间便利店》中为异类写作的主题,突破在于小说集里也有很多“理解者”出现。比如,《人间便利店》里主人公没有遇到理解包容她的人,故事最后她回归便利店。而《生命式》小说集里会出现很多同伴,包括《魔法的身体》里两个小姑娘之间形成了保护捍卫身体主体性的小团体;《美好的餐桌》里,虽然妹妹是有很多奇思怪想的女孩子,但是姐姐会包容她的奇怪想法;《双人家庭》和《夏夜的吻》中,虽然外界不理解菊枝和芳子,但她们之间可以互相包容理解……无不给予读者温暖的力量感。
精听党每日美句
Difficult circumstances serve as a textbook of life for people.
困难坎坷是人们的生活教科书。