文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)
作者:Asher Lehrer-Small
原文标题:The conservative scholar who lit a match to the US right’s education wars
原文发布时间:5 May 2023
The conservative scholar who lit a match to the US right's education wars
e conservative scholar who lit a match to the US righ
When two US senators – a Texas Republican and a Delaware Democrat – introduced a bill in June 2022 to expand grants for civics education, most observers saw it as something of an olive branch between the parties. But despite initial momentum, three now-familiar letters stopped the bill in its tracks: CRT. A mostly unknown conservative scholar writing in the National Review claimed the bill would "allow the Biden administration to push Critical Race Theory (CRT) on every public school in the country", calling the Republican co-sponsors "naive" victims of a hidden leftist agenda.
Critical race theory, which posits that racism permeates American institutions, has become rightwing shorthand for any classroom discussion of race. Senator John Cornyn, who proposed the legislation and is the former GOP majority whip, dismissed the allegations, writing on Twitter that "the false, hysterical claims are untrue and worthy of a Russian active measures campaign, not a serious discussion of our bill". But truthful or not, the criticisms spread like wildfire.
The National Review op-ed racked up thousands of interactions on social media, far-right Breitbart News ran an article whose headline pulled word-for-word from the editorial and Florida governor Ron DeSantis released a press release warning the $1bn federal civics bill would "award grants to indoctrinate students with ideologies like critical race theory." High-profile commentators urged their followers to call lawmakers opposing what they described as "Trojan horse garbage" sponsored by "Rinos", or Republicans in name only.
这位保守派学者点燃了美国右翼教育战争的导火索
精听党背景导读
美国国会众议院近日投票通过总额达1.7万亿美元的联邦政府2023财年(2022年10月1日至2023年9月30日)综合拨款法案。这份金额巨大、篇幅冗长的法案长达4000多页,却仅留给国会议员不到一周的时间进行通读、辩论和投票。作为民主党控制国会参众两院两年来的最后一个法案,综合拨款法案被视作美国国会的“年终大戏”。专家分析指出,法案反映美国民主、共和两党利益博弈和妥协。随着新一届国会开幕,美国两党纷争将更加激烈,影响美国立法效率。
文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)作者:Asher Lehrer-Small原文标题:The conservative scholar who lit a match to the US right’s education wars原文发布时间:5 May 2023关键词:美国 教育 种族
精听党带着问题听
1.“公民教育”用英语可以怎么表达?2. 批判种族论为何阻止了扩大公民教育拨款法案的进程?3. 如何理解第三段中的“indoctrinate”?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
The conservative scholar who lit a match to the US right’s education wars
这位保守派学者点燃了美国右翼教育战争的导火索
conservative adj. 保守的;守旧的;
light vt. 点燃;点火;1. She lit a candle. 她点着了蜡烛。
match n. 比赛,竞赛;火柴;1. to put a match to sth. 用火柴点燃某物;
段一
When two US senators – a Texas Republican and a Delaware Democrat – introduced a bill in June 2022 to expand grants for civics education, most observers saw it as something of an olive branch between the parties. But despite initial momentum, three now-familiar letters stopped the bill in its tracks: CRT. A mostly unknown conservative scholar writing in the National Review claimed the bill would “allow the Biden administration to push Critical Race Theory (CRT) on every public school in the country”, calling the Republican co-sponsors “naive” victims of a hidden leftist agenda.
Republican n.(美国)共和党党员;
Democrat n.(美国)民主党党员;
introduce vt. 推行;实施;采用;1. The new law was introduced in 1991. 这项新法律是于1991年开始实施的。
grant n.(政府、机构的)拨款;1. student grants 学生助学金;
civics education 公民教育;
olive branch 橄榄枝(象征和平);谈和的建议;
momentum n. 冲力,推力;动力,势头;
sponsor n. 赞助者,赞助商;法案的倡议者;担保人,保证人;
naive adj. 天真的,幼稚的;1. It's naive to think that teachers are always tolerant. 认为老师总是很宽容是幼稚的。
agenda n. 待议事项,议事日程;(政治)议题;
参考译文
2022年6月,当两名美国参议员——一位来自德克萨斯州的共和党人和一位来自特拉华州的民主党人——提出一项扩大公民教育拨款的法案时,大多数观察人士认为这是两党之间伸出的橄榄枝。但是,尽管最初势头强劲,三个现在熟悉的字母阻止了该法案的进程:CRT。一位鲜为人知的保守派学者在《国家评论》上撰文称,该法案将“允许拜登政府在全国所有公立学校推行批判种族理论(CRT)”,并称共和党共同倡议者是隐藏的左翼议程的“天真”受害者。
段二
Critical race theory, which posits that racism permeates American institutions, has become rightwing shorthand for any classroom discussion of race. Senator John Cornyn, who proposed the legislation and is the former GOP majority whip, dismissed the allegations, writing on Twitter that “the false, hysterical claims are untrue and worthy of a Russian active measures campaign, not a serious discussion of our bill”. But truthful or not, the criticisms spread like wildfire.
posit vt. 假设;认定;认为…为实;1. Most religions posit the existence of life after death. 大多数宗教都假定人死后生命仍存在。
permeate vt. 渗透;弥漫;扩散;1. The smell of leather permeated the room. 屋子里弥漫着皮革的气味。
shorthand n. 速记(法);简略的表达方式;
GOP abbr. 大老党(美国共和党的别称)(Grand Old Party);
majority whip 多数党党鞭;
dismiss vt. 驳回;不受理;1. The case was dismissed. 此案已被驳回。
allegation n.(无证据的)说法,指控;
hysterical adj. 歇斯底里的,异常兴奋的;<非正式>极为有趣的,极滑稽的;
worthy of… 有(某人或事物)的典型特征;1. He gave a speech that was worthy of Obama. 他作了一次典型的奥巴马式的演讲。
campaign n.(有计划的)活动,运动;战役,战斗;1. During his election campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet. 竞选活动期间,他许诺要致力于恢复经济。
wildfire n. 野火,烈火;
参考译文
批判种族论假定种族主义渗透在美国的制度中,对于任何关于种族的课堂讨论来说,批判种族论已经成为了右翼的简称。提出该法案的前共和党多数党党鞭、参议员约翰·科宁(John Cornyn)驳斥了这些指控,他在推特上写道:“这些虚假、歇斯底里的说法是不真实的,是一种典型的俄罗斯式的积极措施,而不是在认真讨论我们的法案。”但不管真实与否,这些批评像野火一样蔓延开来。
段三
The National Review op-ed racked up thousands of interactions on social media, far-right Breitbart News ran an article whose headline pulled word-for-word from the editorial and Florida governor Ron DeSantis released a press release warning the $1bn federal civics bill would “award grants to indoctrinate students with ideologies like critical race theory.” High-profile commentators urged their followers to call lawmakers opposing what they described as “Trojan horse garbage” sponsored by “Rinos”, or Republicans in name only.
op-ed abbr. (美)(报纸的)专栏版,特写稿版(opposite editorial page);
rack up 累积;聚集(某物);累计(得分);1. The company racked up $200 million in losses in two years. 这家公司在两年内累计亏损2亿美元。
run vt. 发表;刊登;1. They decided not to run the story. 他们决定不刊载这篇报道。
press release (向媒体发布的)新闻稿;
indoctrinate vt. 强行灌输(信仰或学说);1. They had been indoctrinated from an early age with their parents' beliefs. 他们从小就被满脑子灌入了他们父母的信仰。
high-profile adj. 经常出镜(或见报)的;高姿态的;1. a high-profile campaign 广受关注的运动;2. low-profile adj. 不引人注目的;不显眼的;低调的;低姿态的;
Trojan horse 特洛伊木马;
in name 名义上;1. The organization has been set up, but still more in name than reality. 这家机构是成立起来了,但仍名不副实。
参考译文
《国家评论》的专栏文章在社交媒体上引起了数千次互动,极右翼的布莱巴特新闻网发表了一篇文章,标题一字不误地抄袭了这篇社论,佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯(Ron DeSantis)发布了一份新闻稿,警告这项10亿美元的联邦公民法案将“向学生灌输批判种族理论等意识形态”。知名评论员敦促他们的追随者给立法者打电话,反对他们所谓的“特洛伊木马垃圾”,由“里诺斯”(即名义上的共和党人)赞助。
精听党每日单词
conservative
/kənˈsɜːrvətɪv/ adj. 保守的;守旧的;
light
/laɪt/ vt. 点燃;点火;
match
/mætʃ/ n. 比赛,竞赛;火柴;
Republican
/rɪˈpʌblɪkən/ n.(美国)共和党党员;
Democrat
/ˈdeməkræt/ n.(美国)民主党党员;
introduce
/ˌɪntrəˈduːs/ vt. 推行;实施;采用;
grant
/ɡrænt/ n.(政府、机构的)拨款;
civics education
公民教育;
olive branch
橄榄枝(象征和平);谈和的建议;
momentum
/moʊˈmentəm/ n. 冲力,推力;动力,势头;
sponsor
/ˈspɑːnsər/ n. 赞助者,赞助商;法案的倡议者;担保人,保证人;
naive
/naɪˈiːv/ adj. 天真的,幼稚的;
agenda
/əˈdʒendə/ n. 待议事项,议事日程;(政治)议题;
posit
/ˈpɑːzɪt/ vt. 假设;认定;认为…为实;
permeate
/ˈpɜːrmieɪt/ vt. 渗透;弥漫;扩散;
shorthand
/ˈʃɔːrthænd/ n. 速记(法);简略的表达方式;
GOP
abbr. 大老党(美国共和党的别称)(Grand Old Party);
majority whip
多数党党鞭;
dismiss
/dɪsˈmɪs/ vt. 驳回;不受理;
allegation
/ˌæləˈɡeɪʃn/ n.(无证据的)说法,指控;
hysterical
/hɪˈsterɪk(ə)l/ adj. 歇斯底里的,异常兴奋的;<非正式>极为有趣的,极滑稽的;
worthy of…
有(某人或事物)的典型特征;
campaign
/kæmˈpeɪn/ n.(有计划的)活动,运动;战役,战斗;
wildfire
/ˈwaɪldfaɪər/ n. 野火,烈火;
op-ed
abbr. (美)(报纸的)专栏版,特写稿版(opposite editorial page);
rack up
累积;聚集(某物);累计(得分);
run
/rʌn/ vt. 发表;刊登;
press release
(向媒体发布的)新闻稿;
indoctrinate
/ɪnˈdɑːktrɪneɪt/ vt. 强行灌输(信仰或学说);
high-profile
/ˌhaɪ ˈproʊfaɪl/ adj. 经常出镜(或见报)的;高姿态的;
Trojan horse
特洛伊木马;
in name
名义上;
精听党文化拓展
据美国《华盛顿邮报》报道,20年前,国会山并没有节日季前“搞突击”的传统。但随着党争加剧,各方对直到节日季最后时刻才开始制定必须通过的法案、像劫持人质一样逼迫对方妥协的做法也就不再陌生。这时候,立法就像给圣诞树挂礼物,附上大大小小与核心议程不相关、却能互相取悦的内容。尤其在国会即将“变天”时,“跛脚鸭式自助餐”成为一种新常态。英国广播公司也评论称:边缘政策的游戏已成为美国政治的一个鲜明特征。
张家栋分析,2022年11月举行的中期选举中,共和党“拿下”众议院多数席位,民主党保持在参议院的多数席位,民主、共和两党未来两年里将分别掌控国会参议院和众议院,但两党的领先优势都非常小。可以预期,两党全面对垒的局面不太可能出现,但两党在参众两院各自为政的情况可能降低立法效率,增加法律通过的技术难度。
美国盖洛普公司日前发布的一项民调结果显示,超过七成美国人不认可国会工作表现;仅22%的美国人对国会工作表现持肯定态度,持否定态度的人达73%。尽管民主党将继续在参议院保持微弱席位优势,但共和党控制众议院将基本终结拜登政府立法议程在国会通过的可能性。已脱离民主党的美国国会参议员基尔斯滕·西内马表示,美国党派制度出了问题,党派立场愈发僵化,政客们更关注打压对手而不是改善民众生活,让人失望。
据美国媒体分析,随着美联储继续加息以控制通胀,2023财年美国财政赤字预计超过1.2万亿美元。未来10年,美国平均每年财政赤字预计达到1.6万亿美元。此外,美国联邦政府债务规模已突破31万亿美元,超过美国GDP总量。美国分析人士频频建议,美国国会应采取更负责任的方式控制财政赤字和债务水平。
精听党每日美句
The greatest of faults is to be conscious of none.
种种过错中最大的过错,就在于不承认任何过错。