not...until...
这个结构表示“直到...才...”，要表达失去后才学会珍惜，可以套用这个句式：not know+以前不明白的道理、不珍惜的人或物+until+失去了某人/某物。
know的位置可以换成其他表达，比如get (口语)，realize，understand，value，appreciate等。
You don't know what you've got until it's gone.
人总是等到失去了才知道曾经拥有过多么好的东西。
I didn't realize how much I love her until we broke up.
直到我们分手了，我才意识到我有多爱她。
He didn't get how important health was until he got sick.
直到生病了他才意识到健康多重要。
He didn't understand the value of freedom until it was taken away.
直到失去自由他才意识到自由的宝贵。value /'væljuː/ 在这里是名词，表示“价值，宝贵之处”。
She didn't value her time at home until she moved away.
直到离开家她才学会珍惜在家里住的时光。value在这里是动词，表示“珍惜”。
The team didn't appreciate their coach until he retired.
球队直到教练退休了才明白他有多好。appreciate /ə'priːʃieɪt/ 动词，表示recognize the good qualities of sb./sth.，能意识到某人/物的优点好处。
only...when...
这个结构表示“只有到了...时候才...”，也可以套用句式：only know+以前不明白的道理+when+失去了某人/某物，和上一个结构可以互换使用，但是not until用于日常口语更加自然。
You only know what you had when it's gone.
I only realized how much I loved her when we broke up.
He only understood the value of freedom when it was taken away.
She only valued her time at home when she moved away.
The team only appreciated their coach when he retired.
take...for granted until...
这个结构表示“把拥有...视为理所当然的，直到...”，可以套句式：take+失去的人或物+for granted until+失去了某人/某物。
People always take what they have for granted until it's gone.
I always took her for granted until she left me.
He took his health for granted until he got sick.
She always took her time at home for granted until she moved away.
The team took their coach for granted until he retired.
You never miss the water till the well runs dry.
这是一句谚语，表示“井枯方知水珍贵”，well在这里是名词，“水井”的意思。这句话比较书面，日常口语说You don't know what you've got until it's gone就可以了。
When I was a kid, I wanted to grow up and do everything, but now all I want is the carefree life I had back then. You never miss the water till the well runs dry.
小时候我想快点长大，去做各种各样的事，但现在我只想过回以前那种无忧无虑的生活。人都是等到失去了才懂得事物的珍贵。
Now that we've broken up, I can see all the little things I didn't appreciate. I should have shown her how much she meant to me, but you never miss the water till the well runs dry.
分手了，我才发觉之前有那么多生活点滴我没有珍惜。我本该让她知道她对我有多重要，可惜我明白得太晚了。
这一期的灵感来自地铁上听到的手机铃声，Passenger的Let Her Go，大家可能都听过，这首歌前6句都是only...when...这个句式，挺好听的，而且歌词用词非常简单，推荐给没听过的朋友。
这一期不太适合做补充单词练习，可以练一下仿写上边的句子造句。选中黄色高亮查看参考答案 (有很多种说法，参考答案只是其中一种)。
直到离职了，我才意识到自己有多喜欢在那里工作。
I didn't realize how much I enjoyed working there until I left.
直到她不理他了，他才懂得她的友谊的珍贵。
He didn't value her friendship until she stopped talking to him.
往期推荐：
“鞋码偏大/偏小/不合脚”用英语怎么说？
“加班后调休”、“放假前后调休”英语怎么说？
“表面功夫，做做样子”用英语怎么说？
推文说明：
这系列推文主要分享那些中文里常说、换成英语就不太会讲的话。每天早晨8点更新。