语境：被突然出现的人、发生的事吓到。
01. You startled me!
startle /ˈstɑːtl/ 动词，to make someone suddenly surprised or slightly shocked，让某人吃惊、吓一跳。
startle指突然出现的东西让人吓一跳，只是一瞬间的事情，没有持续的真实的恐惧。
比如说朋友突然从门后跳出来吓你一跳，那一瞬间你是吓到了，但是那种感觉不会持续很久，而且你也不是真的害怕你的朋友。
如果在别的语境里，要表达持续的真实的恐惧，比如说“蛇总是让我感到害怕”，startle就不适用。
I didn't hear you come in—you startled me!
我没听见你进来，吓我一跳！
That flash of lightning startled me. I nearly dropped my phone!
闪电吓了我一跳，我差点把手机摔了。
02. You made me jump!
make sb. jump等于to startle sb.，吓某人一跳，和startle一样表示一瞬间吓到的感觉，不是持续的真实的恐惧。
A: Don't sneak up on me like that!
别老是这样突然冒出来吓人！sneak /sniːk/ up on sb.表示悄悄靠近某人，然后吓他一跳。
B: Aw, why not? It's so much fun to make you jump, sis.
噢，不行嘛？吓你一跳多好玩啊姐。
It was so quiet in the house that the sudden ringing of the phone made me jump.
屋里静悄悄的，突然响起的电话铃把我吓了一跳。
03. You scared/frightened me!
scare /skeə/ frighten /ˈfraɪtn/ 两个动词是近义词，“惊吓，吓到”。scare和frighten比上边的startle更通用，描述一瞬间的惊吓和持续的恐惧都适用。
You scared me when you slammed the door—I thought something bad had happened!
你摔门的时候吓了我一跳，我还以为发生了什么事。
The sudden thunder really frightened me. It sounded like it was right over my head!
突然炸响的那声雷真把我吓一跳。听起来好像就在我头上打的。
04. You scared/frightened the life/hell out of me!
第三句的语气加强版，表示把人吓得魂不附体。
You scared the life out of me when you suddenly yelled.
你突然大喊大叫，吓死我了。
The dog barking out of nowhere frightened the hell out of me—my heart's still pounding.
突然响起的狗叫声吓死我了，我的心现在还怦怦直跳。out of no where表示very suddenly and unexpectedly，非常突然。pound /paʊnd/ 动词，表示心脏跳得快速猛烈。
05. You scared/frightened the shit/crap out of me!
第三句的语气加强版，但是只适合用于朋友熟人之间，shit /ʃɪt/ crap /kræp/ 都是“大便”的意思，和不熟的人说或者在正式场合说不合适。
Don't sneak up on me like that—you scared the crap out of me!
别那样偷偷摸摸靠近来吓我，要被你吓出屎了。
That horror movie scared the crap out of me! I'm never watching horror movies alone again!
那个恐怖片真的把我吓得屁滚尿流，我再也不要一个人看恐怖片了！
06. You nearly scared/frightened me to death!
scare someone to death俚语，表示把某人吓得要死，夸张的说法。
You nearly scared me to death with that mask——I really thought you were a ghost!
你戴着那面具差点把我吓没命，我以为你是鬼呢！
That loud bang nearly scared me to death. I'm still shaking.
那砰的一声差点把我送走，我现在还在发抖。bang /bæŋ/ 名词，表示枪声或硬物撞击的声音。
07. You gave me a heart attack!
give somebody a heart attack俚语，表示严重吓到某人，差点把人吓到心脏病发作。heart attack可数名词，“心脏病发作”。
You almost gave me a heart attack when you popped up behind me!
你突然出现在我身后，差点吓得我心脏病发作！
That loud bang nearly gave me a heart attack. My heart's still racing.
那声巨响差点让我心脏病发作，我的心还在狂跳。race /reɪs/ 动词，表示心脏加速跳动。
根据首字母补充单词，选中文本可查看答案。
You startled me!
一瞬间的惊吓。
You made me jump!
一瞬间的惊吓。
You scared/frightened me!
两个单词一瞬间的惊吓和持续的恐惧都适用。
You scared/frightened the life/hell out of me!
把人吓得魂不附体。
You scared/frightened the shit/crap out of me!
只适合用于朋友熟人之间。
You nearly scared/frightened me to death!
把人吓得要死，夸张的说法。
You gave me a heart attack!
差点把人吓到心脏病发作。
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